A review of nanoparticle synthesis categorization and applications

Abstract

The development and application of materials whose constituents reside at the nanoscale—typically up to 100 nm in size—is referred to as nanotechnology. At the molecular and sub-molecular level, nanotechnology investigates structural behavior in addition to electrical, optical, and magnetic activity. It has the potential to completely transform several biotechnology and medical instruments and processes, making them more affordable, portable, safe, and simple to use. Nanoparticles are employed in many different fields, including medicine, industry, and the creation of oxide fuel and solar energy batteries for energy storage, as well as widespread integration into a variety of commonplace materials like clothing or cosmetics, optical equipment, catalysis, antibacterial, electrical, sensor technologies, biological labeling, and the treatment of certain cancers. Nanoparticles have garnered a lot of interest lately because of their remarkable qualities, which include antimicrobial activity, strong oxidation resistance, and high thermal conductivity. Both chemical and biological methods can be used to create nanoparticles. Several distinct kinds of metallic nanoparticles have extensive industrial uses, including magnetic, alloy, silver, and gold. An overview of nanoparticles is intended to be provided in this work, with particular attention to their method of kinds and biosynthesis.