Assessment of prescription pattern in patients with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Aim of this present study was assessment of prescription pattern in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study design was prospective observational. Study was conducted in the nephrology in-patient department. The study site was Mahavir hospital and research center, Hyderabad. Duration of this study was six months from November 2021 to April 2022. Total 101 patients with CKD were included. Data was collected from patient medical records and documented in data collection form. Prescription pattern and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were assessed using WHO prescribing indicators and clinirex respectively. Majority, 61.39% of the patients were male followed by 38.61% were female. Majority, 73.27 % of patients were suffering from CKD stage V followed by 18.81% of patients were suffering from CKD stage IV. Majority, 41.74 % patients were suffering from hypertension and 31.65% from type 2 diabetes as co-morbid condition. Majority, 58.42 % and 32.67 % of male and female patients were anaemic respectively. Total 1197 drugs were prescribed out of it 915 drugs were single drugs and 282 drugs were fixed dose combinations (FDC). The total injections prescribed were 41.35%. Total number of antibiotics prescribed were 13.62%. Number of drugs prescribed with generic name were 13.70%. Drugs prescribed from essential drugs list were 9.52%. Average number of drugs prescribed was 11.85 per prescription. Total 742 DDIs were noticed. Out of it 73.18% were from category of to be monitored DDIs. However, 4.99% DDIs were from category of dosing adjustment and 3.50% were from category of generally avoid DDIs. Only 1.21% DDIs were from category of contraindicated DDIs. The most commonly prescribed drugs, 21.09% was from anti-hypertensive drugs category. Results indicate that pharmacist involvement with nephrologist in future is necessary for assessment of DDIs and in turn prevention of adverse drug reactions.