A Case Report on Follicular Lymphoma

Abstract

Follicular lymphoma is one type of cancer which belongs to Non Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL], in which the lymphatic system would affect the most. The lymphatic system plays a key role in immune system as it provides protection to the body in order to fight from infections and diseases. Generally the lymphocytes are categorized into 2 types such as B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes. B- cells works by producing specific type of antibodies which mainly helps to fight against specific type of microorganism but in other type the infected host cells will be killed directly by the T- cells and further activates other immune cells which may produce cytokines and helps in the regulation of immune system. Follicular lymphoma belongs to B-cell lymphoma in which there is an alteration of normal B cell into cancerous B cell. In the follicular lymphoma we can notice an amplification of lymph nodes due to atypical, unconstrained growth and proliferation of malignant B cells and further spread to other body tissues and organs. Follicular lymphoma is considered to be the prototype of indolent lymphoma which can be marked by slow progression and increased response to the therapy. As most of the patients gradually developing resistance to disease over time, there is an transformation of indolent lymphoma to an aggressive subtype, in which there would be a poor outcome to the therapy as there is a reduced sensitivity to the chemotherapy.