Cardiovascular Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients Resulting Hypokalemia: An Observational Prospective Study

Abstract

In those with underlying CKD, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading source of considerable disability and low life quality and mortality. Electrolyte abnormalities, particularly dyskalemia, are among the many variables that lead to morbidity and death. Potassium imbalance is common in patients with renal impairment. Dyskalemia, both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia, can cause life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, leading to a high frequency of cardiovascular illness in dialysis patients, and even abrupt death. The most prevalent cause of mortality in the 4D experiment, the cause of sudden cardiac mortality in diabetics receiving hemodialysis (HD) was not myocardial infarction, but fatal arrhythmias. Following the data collection, the Chi-Square test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous non parametric variables with interquartile range in square brackets & for parametric variables, chi square test will be performed. For blood potassium levels below and equal to The distribution of causes of mortality was comparable over the whole trial at 4.5mmol/L. Patients undergoing hemodialysis who have a high potassium level in their blood levels greater than 4.5 mmol/L were more likely to die of CVD than those with serum potassium levels less than 4.5 mmol/L. The overall mortality rate in the study population was 24 percent, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounting for 62 percent of deaths. Finally, there is little correlation between the cause of death and the serum potassium groups.