To Identify the Prevalence, Risk Factors Associated with Pediatric Diseases and their Treatment Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with pediatric diseases and their treatment pattern in a tertiary care hospital. The study's objectives include evaluating the recruited patients' socio-demographic details, identifying the prevalence and risk factors for pediatric diseases, determining the diagnostic test for pediatric diseases, and evaluating the prescribing pattern of drugs in managing pediatric diseases. The present study revealed that the majority of the pediatric patients admitted with pneumonia had a good treatment outcome. Patients treated with antibiotics showed a better treatment outcome than patients treated with crystalline penicillin alone. Longer duration of hospital stay was more likely associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, particular consideration should be given to children needing other interventions. In this reading, Amoxycillin was recommended as the first-line treatment with simple pneumonia and third-generation cephalosporin for those with severe/very severe pneumonia in the health center setups. To rationalize antibiotic prescription, adherence to WHO standard case-management protocols is recommended. The proper design of antibiotic guidelines should use a consistent grading system for the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations and seek the stakeholders' preference to improve the guidelines' applicability to minimize the occurrence.