International Journal of Experimental and Biomedical Research

To Identify the Prevalence, Risk Factors Associated with Pediatric Diseases and their Treatment Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2023-02-18T05:23:49+0530

The study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with pediatric diseases and their treatment pattern in a tertiary care hospital. The study's objectives include evaluating the recruited patients' socio-demographic details, identifying the prevalence and risk factors for pediatric diseases, determining the diagnostic test for pediatric diseases, and evaluating the prescribing pattern of drugs in managing pediatric diseases. The present study revealed that the majority of the pediatric patients admitted with pneumonia had a good treatment outcome. Patients treated with antibiotics showed a better treatment outcome than patients treated with crystalline penicillin alone. Longer duration of hospital stay was more likely associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, particular consideration should be given to children needing other interventions. In this reading, Amoxycillin was recommended as the first-line treatment with simple pneumonia and third-generation cephalosporin for those with severe/very severe pneumonia in the health center setups. To rationalize antibiotic prescription, adherence to WHO standard case-management protocols is recommended. The proper design of antibiotic guidelines should use a consistent grading system for the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations and seek the stakeholders' preference to improve the guidelines' applicability to minimize the occurrence.

Fetal Alcoholic Spectrum (FAS) Syndrome

2023-03-08T11:30:25+0530

Fetal alcohol syndrome refers to a broad range of neurological symptoms linked to alcoholism during pregnancy. The increased organizational socioeconomic status, alcohol intake during pregnancy, and internal drunkenness within women disturbingly raise challenges inside the Indian subcontinent. Therefore, doctors must be conscious of an illness and its phenotypic variants. Supportive care and abstinence throughout pregnancy are the sole options available in the absence of effective treatments that stop continued progression and occurrence in subsequent pregnancies. A typical appearance, short stature, low body weight, tiny head size, poor coordination, behavioral issues, learning challenges, and hearing and vision issues are some of the symptoms that can be present. People who are affected are more prone to struggle in areas of high risk, including school, the law system, alcohol, additional drugs, as well as other drugs of abuse.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Novel Method to Drug Delivery Formulation

2023-05-02T13:09:00+0530

Solid lipid nanoparticles, which have numerous powerful advantages for clinical therapy, drug transportation, investigation, and an extensive array of many other fields of science, are at the forefront of a quickly developing field of nanotechnology. Lipid nanoparticles also have the potential to contribute to the creation of novel therapeutics because of their unique size-dependent properties. Opioids can now be added to nanocarriers, creating an unknown drug delivery prototype that could be used for therapeutic targeting at the secondary and tertiary levels. So, because solid lipid nanoparticles have great potential for attaining the goal of controlled and site-specific drug delivery, researchers are particularly interested in them. This paper examines a variety of solid lipid nanoparticles and discusses their advantages, disadvantages, and potential remedies. The various lipid-based stable nanocarriers, including lipid drug conjugates, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers, are presented along with their structural variations. Solid lipid nanoparticles can be produced in various ways and for multiple purposes on a large scale. The appropriate analytical techniques for characterizing stable lipid nanoparticles are highlighted, such as scanning electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Additionally taken into account are the solid lipid nanoparticle delivery strategy and biodistribution. Stable lipid nanoparticles could completely alter how complex diseases are treated if thoroughly investigated.

A Review of Schizophrenia

2023-05-26T15:20:31+0530

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder. "Eugen Bleuler" first used the phrase "Schizophrenia" in 1908. It mainly affects the person's ability to think clearly and control emotions. Schizophrenia affects 1% of adults worldwide. Men are more likely to be diagnosed and have an earlier onset than women. The exact cause of Schizophrenia is unknown, and it may be due to genetics, the imbalance between the neurotransmitters, stress, pregnancy, or birth-related factors. Signs and symptoms usually involve positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. Negative symptoms include a lack of ability, interest in everyday activities, and social withdrawal. According to ICD-10, the diagnosis of Schizophrenia, a person must show at least two of the following symptoms for a month such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and hyperactive behaviour. Schizophrenia is usually treated with antipsychotics for the symptoms of an acute schizophrenic episode. Other therapies include cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation, and family therapy.