Formulation and evaluation of miconazole-loaded nanosponges for topical delivery

Abstract

In this work, nanosponges were made by solvent evaporation and mixed with miconazole to form a gel. Utilizing the solvent evaporation method, the formulations for the Nanosponges were created with PVA functioning as a co-polymer and rate-retarders HP-? Cyclodextrin and HPMC K4M. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) spectroscopy was employed to ascertain the drug's compatibility with those in the formulation. We examined the surface form, yield of manufacture, and efficacy of drug entrapment in nanosponges. The Nanosponges' shape and surface morphology were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The spherical and porous nature of the Nanosponges was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. All of the nanosponges' variations were spherical, according to SEM pictures; however, drug crystals could be seen on the surface of the nanosponge at higher ratios. The drug/polymer ratio increased from 1:1 to 1:3, increasing in order as the polymer concentration increased. However, as the drug-to-polymer ratio increased, it was discovered that the particle size decreased beyond a specific concentration. The average particle size for each formulation ranges from 334.4 to 468.8 nm. The range for the drug content of different formulations was discovered to be 84.24 to 98.78%. While the other formulations' entrapment efficiencies varied from 91.78 to 94.72%, the F8 formulation's drug release was determined to be 969.92% in just 8 hours. The optimized gel formulation stayed stable for 15 days based on stability testing.