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\def\citeauthor{~Sravya~B,
              ~Gorrenkala~Madhusri,
              ~Pandre~Maneesha,
              ~Shaik~Sana,
              ~Markanti~Srija,
              ~Atmakuri~Thabitharani}
\def\citetitle{Efficiency of an Ethanol Extract of Alpinia Purpurata L. Leaves in Wound Healing of Diabetic Rats}
\def\copyrightstmt{This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.}
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\def\RunningAuthor{Sravya B et al.}
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\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{02 Jun 2023}
\acceptedDate{19 Jun 2023}
\revisedDate{18 Jun 2023}
\journalVolume{3}
\journalIssue{2}
\journalDoi{ijebr.v2i2.468}
\copyrightYear{2023}
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\title{Efficiency of an Ethanol Extract of Alpinia Purpurata L. Leaves in Wound Healing of Diabetic Rats}
\author{Sravya~B\textsuperscript{*}\textsuperscript{1}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-4275}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}},  
            Gorrenkala~Madhusri\textsuperscript{2}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-0780}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}},  
            Pandre~Maneesha\textsuperscript{2}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6823-9964}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}},  
            Shaik~Sana\textsuperscript{2}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-1658}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}},  
            Markanti~Srija\textsuperscript{2}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-1658}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}}, 
            Atmakuri~Thabitharani\textsuperscript{2}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2287-5193}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}}~\\[5pt]{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Pharmacology, St.Mary's group of institution, Deshmukhi (Village), Pochampally (Mandal), Yadadri Bhuvanagiri (Dist), Telangana - 508284, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{2}St. Mary's group of institution, Deshmukhi (Village), Pochampally (Mandal), Yadadri Bhuvanagiri (Dist), Telangana-508284, India}}

\begin{abstract}
In the current research, it was investigated if Alpinia purpurata L., a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), could be utilised to treat wounds. Using excision and burn wound models, the efficacy of Alpinia purpurata ethanolic leaf extract in rat wound healing was assessed. When compared to the control group, which had a wound area of 29\%, the animals treated with the extract demonstrated reductions in the wound area of 74\% and 93\%, respectively (5\% and 10\%w/w). In the excision model, it was discovered that wounds treated with extract epithelialized and contracted more quickly than control wounds. Histopathological research provided more support for this. Studies on wound contractions show that they rise in direct proportion to the amount of herbal extracts present. Both variants come with mupirozin already inserted. In diabetic rats, Alpinia purpurata greatly speeds up wound healing; additional research into this effect in humans is advised.
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}Alpinia purpurata L.,\newline Wound healing,\newline Cell proliferation,\newline Inflammatory cytokines,\newline Epithelization
\end{keywords}
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\makeatletter{\raggedright{\Large$^\ast$}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Sravya~B~\\ Phone:\ +91 9000461480~\\  Email:\ dureddysravya@gmail.com
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\section{Introduction}
Wound healing is a common physiological interaction that includes re-modelling, development, expansion, and recovery. An injury occurs when the skin is harmed by external mechanical forces, synthetic substances, radiation, heated wounds, or infections. When a wound is present, the skin's epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers are not continuous as they should be. In order to recover its functionality after an injury, the body undergoes these underlying alterations as well as the beginning of a maintenance cycle with different metabolic responses \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274663}. The hemostasis (coagulating), provocative, and proliferative stages make up the three covering stages that make up the healing process after an injury. Hemostasis occurs right after injury and prevents blood misfortune, which if left untreated could have serious consequences. Anger is the body's principal defence mechanism. During this phase, resistant cells reach the injured location, purge it of foreign objects, and launch the reparative process \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274659}. Multiplication after an injury starts about 10 days later and lasts for about 30 days. At this stage, fibroblasts and epithelial cells relocate from an adjacent, safe part of the injured tissue to fill the space between the damaged locations. Despite epithelial cells covering the injury's surface, fibroblasts deliver the extracellular network and collagen. Finally, about 30 to 60 days following the damage, redesigning starts. During this stage, the recently created tissues undergo alterations to their structure and shape. These modifications increase the tissue's adaptability and safeguard the integrity of the current designs \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274653}.

For the regulation of cell activities during wound healing, cytokines are essential. Several types of cells produce cytokines, which are soluble proteins that have a variety of effects on their target cells. Proinflammatory cytokines include interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, cancer putrefaction factor alpha, and platelet-initiating factor. Changing development factor beta and IL-10 are components of calming cytokines. The two types control and participate in the complex relationships between many cell types involved in wound healing. How much cytokine is delivered is affected by the type and severity of wounds, age, sex, diet, and hereditary makeup. The cytokines that regulate wound healing are influenced by the type of wounds. For instance, significant concentrations of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha are seen in severe traumas. With persistent injuries, IL-6 and TGF-beta levels are higher. In other cases, both pro-provocative and anti-provocative cytokine properties are transmitted even more clearly in chronic injuries. Yet, it appears to largely depend on how supportive and mitigating cytokines are regulated \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274655}  whether the damage heals normally or becomes infected. Coagulation/aggravation, expansion, angiogenesis, re-demonstrating, development, and recovery are the six distinct stages of human skin wound healing.

The coagulation/irritation stage lasts only a short time about 30 minutes after the injury occurs. During this brief period, veins are constrained, and vessels contract and lose some of their penetrability. There is also an increase in platelets and fibrinogen at the location of the damage. These fixes reduce drainage and halt contamination when used together. Coagulation is followed by aggravation.

When the cells multiply, they start to develop and move in an effort to gradually repair the damaged area. Due to the tissues at the damage site enlarging, the skin above the wound heals. When it heals, fresh collagen filaments grow along the lines of the injury.

The process by which new blood vessels develop at the site of a wound is called angiogenesis. Veins form a network of tiny cylinders that deliver nutrients and oxygen to the cells close to the site of injury. These well-made veins have several flaws and weaknesses. Nonetheless, they eventually grow larger walls and are fully operational. In actuality, here is where "granulation" actually starts. The mass of epithelium and stringy connective tissue that forms over the wound is referred to as granulation tissue \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274657}.

Following the completion of the flaming stage, re-demonstrating begins and continues throughout the healing process. Throughout the course of this time, the granulation tissue becomes thicker and more grounded. Furthermore, twisted withdrawal occurs, hastening the healing process. Scar tissue is used in redesigning to repair damaged tissue. Scar tissue, which is significantly denser than solid tissue, is primarily composed of collagen.

The final stage of wound healing, the course of development, often takes a few months following the first damage. At this phase, the body starts preparing the damage for recovery. As epithelial cells, hair follicles and other organs begin to replicate structurally. The dermis thickens as the epidermis heals. The scar tissue at the end ages and gets more active.

Recovery is the last stage of wound healing. Once the damage has fully healed, the body returns to its pre-injury state. Skin regains its perfection and continues to grow. Moreover, new hair follicles and organs are created in order to produce sweat. The nerves begin to repair, and the dermis regains its previous thickness. Long-term, the scars disappear \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274662}.

Alpinia purpurata, also known as red ginger, is typically grown for enhancing purposes due to its gorgeous red blossoms and fragrant rhizomes. This family's inflorescences are typically easy to identify because of its basic shape, limitless creative use, and provision of both seeds and blooms. Alpinia purpurata transcendently fills Brazil, despite being widely known. Overall, A. purpurata has a limited number of clinical applications. Several Alpinia species have phenolic synthetic chemicals, such as flavonoids, which are thought to be promising potential restorative experts for the treatment of cardiovascular issues \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274661}. 

There haven't been any studies done up to this moment looking into how Alpinia purpurata leaf ethanolic concentrate affects the healing process for wounds. As a result, we have chosen to focus on the Alpinia purpurata ethanolic separate's potential to heal wounds in trial rodents with excisional wounds.
    
\section{Materials and Methods}
\textbf{Collection of plant material}

Alpinia purpurata L. (Zingiberaceae), a plant used in this research, was procured from the Tirupati area. In Tirumala Slopes, Tirupati, there was an accumulation of Alpinia purpurata L. leaves. 

The ordered identifiable evidence and verification of the plant were done by the Head of the Public Establishment of Natural Medicine, Plant Life Structures Exploration Center, Chennai.

\textbf{Alpinia purpurata L. (Zingiberaceae) extraction}

The leaves of Alpinia purpurata L. were collected, cleaned, and allowed to dry naturally. After fully drying, it was crushed up, passed through a sifter with a 60\# lattice size, and stored in an airtight chamber. Dried, powdered prescription was used to create eliminate. Ethanol was used to extract about 50 g of air-dried, powdered plant material in a soxhlet framework \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274658}. When the dissolvable was removed, separated extract was used for the examination.

\textbf{Animal Model}

The  Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC), Sanzyme Bio Labs Pvt Ltd. Hyderabad (Vide letter no. 1247/PO/E/2023/CPCSEA) gave its approval to the project. Healthy Sprague Dawely rats were kept on the typical rodent diet and were given access to unlimited amounts of water.

\textbf{Diabetes acceptance in rats}

The development of diabetes in rats was accelerated by a single intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate that was broken down in saline to speed abstinent mice. Alloxan is administered for two hours, followed by 0.5ml of 25\% dextrose and then, depending on the circumstances for the following twenty-four hours, 5\% dextrose solution \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274664}. After 72 hours of alloxan organisation, blood samples were obtained from the rat tail vein. All mice had their blood glucose levels measured, and those with usual blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dl or greater (diabetic) were chosen for further investigation. Extraction and consumption wound models were used to assess the concentrate of Alpinia purpurata's ability to increase injury mending. With the extraction wound model and the devour wound model, the creatures were divided into four groups of six each.

\textbf{Diabetes acceptance in rats(Excision model]}

The development of diabetes in rats was accelerated by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate dissolved in saline for abstinent species. Alloxan is administered for two hours, followed by 0.5ml of 25\% dextrose and then, depending on the circumstances for the following twenty-four hours, 5\% dextrose solution \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274664}. After 72 hours of alloxan organisation, blood samples were obtained from the rodent tail vein. All mice had their blood glucose levels measured, and those with usual blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dl or greater (diabetic) were chosen for further investigation. Extraction and consumption wound models were used to assess the concentrate of Alpinia purpurata's ability to increase injury mending. With the extraction wound model and the consume wound model, the creatures were divided into four groupings of six each.

Ointment base was used as the standard control on (Group 1) two times each day.

5\% weekly doses of the medication were administered to group two.

Alpinia purpurata leaf extract 10\%w/w ointment in soft paraffin base was applied to the (Group 3) drug-treated group twice daily.

Two times daily, rats in the (Group 4) positive control group received mupirocin ointment.

In every case, the therapy was applied topically. Using a transparency sheet and a permanent marker, wound areas were measured on days 1, 5, and 11 for all the groups. On graph paper, measurements of the wound regions were recorded.

$\style{font-family:'Times New Roman'}{\style{font-size:8px}{Rate\;of\;wound\;closure=\frac{A_0-A_t}{A_0}\times100}} $

Where, A\ensuremath{_{0}} = Wound area on - day 0

A\ensuremath{_{n}} = Wound area on - day n

n= numbers of days - (0th, 5th, 11th,). 

\textbf{Burn wound model}

Animals that had been deprived for the previous night were given partial thickness burn wounds by pouring hot, molten wax onto them for 10 seconds while under the anaesthesia of ketamine (100 mg/kg, i.m.) and xylazine (16 mg/kg, i.m.). Wax was applied to the animal's shaved back using a cylinder with a 220 mm\ensuremath{^{2}} circular hole in it. Up until it solidified, the wax was left on the skin. The substance was applied topically both immediately following the injury and over the course of the following few days. Four groups of six each were formed out of the animals.

Normal controls (Group 1) were administered twice daily with an ointment base.

5\% weekly doses of the medication were administered to group two.

10\%w/w Alpinia purpurata extract ointment in soft paraffin base was applied to the (Group 3) drug-treated group twice daily. Mupirocin ointment was applied twice daily to the rats in the (Group 4) positive group. The therapy was always done topically. On days 1, 5, and 11, wound areas for all groups were measured using a transparency sheet and a permanent marker. The wound areas' measurements were written down on graph paper.

The parameters observed in the study were as follows: 

The time of epithelialization: Nobody kept track of how many days it would take the eschar to remove the surface of the consumption site without causing a sensitive harm.

Constriction of a wound: Long stretches of injury were disqualified from the assessment by assessing the planimetrically moderate alterations in the injury. A comparable extraction wound model is used to assess wound constriction.


\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Effect of Alpinia purpurata leaf extract on of \%wound contraction and epithelization period in excision wound} }
\label{tw-90faece0ff41}
\centering 
\begin{threeparttable}

\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.20520000000000003\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2161\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1787\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1973\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2027\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Group & Day 1 & Day 5 & Day 11 & Period of epithelization in (days)\\
\tblmidrule 
Group-1 &
  226 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.815 &
  13.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.6 &
  29.9\ensuremath{\pm} 4.7 &
  23.12 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.2\\
Group-2 &
  225.3 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.735 &
  44.3 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.6 &
  75.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.8 &
  19.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 4.7\\
Group-3 &
  221 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.750 &
  54.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.8 &
  92.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.7 &
  16.3 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.2\\
Group-4 &
  227.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.778 &
  64 .8 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.5 &
  98.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.8 &
  14.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.9\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize 
    
\item{Shows significant as compared to normal control (p{\textless}0.001); [Values are mean\ensuremath{\pm} SE from 6 rats in each group]}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Effect of Alpinia purpurata leaf extract on of \%wound contraction, days of 50\% wound contraction and epithelization period in burn wound} }
\label{tw-5f87da2069c4}
\centering 
\begin{threeparttable}

\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1622\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.15559999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.14450000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1777\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Group & Day 1 & Day 5 & Day 11 & Wound contraction 50\% (days) & Period of epithelization in (days)\\
\tblmidrule 
Group-1 &
  227 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.980 &
  14.6 \ensuremath{\pm}4.5 &
  19.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.6 &
  9.84 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.321 &
  42.12 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.3\\
Group-2 &
  221.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.645 &
  10.3 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.6 &
  29.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.9 &
  7.94 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.268 &
  41.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.8\\
Group-3 &
  219\ensuremath{\pm} 2.860 &
  10.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 4.5 &
  34.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.6 &
  7.13 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.262 &
  31.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.1\\
Group-4 &
  224.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.978 &
  14.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.6 &
  43.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 3.9 &
  6.12 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.235 &
  27.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 2.8\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize 
    
\item{Shows significant as compared to normal control (p{\textless}0.001); [Values are mean\ensuremath{\pm} SE from 6 rats in each group]}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{table*}

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/f4438a0e-0a6d-4f14-9add-fff9b25f5ed4-upicture1.png}
\begin{figure*}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/f4438a0e-0a6d-4f14-9add-fff9b25f5ed4-upicture1.png}{\includegraphics{images/f4438a0e-0a6d-4f14-9add-fff9b25f5ed4-upicture1.png}}{\includegraphics{f4438a0e-0a6d-4f14-9add-fff9b25f5ed4-upicture1.png}}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {On the 11th day, the normal and treated groups' histology of the regenerated tissue from open wounds was compared}}
\label{f-45f9583e3c98}
\end{figure*}
\egroup
\textbf{Histopathology research}

On the eleventh day, the recovered tissue from the healed wounds was removed and placed in 10\% cradled formalin for histological analyses. Epithelization, irritation, collagen, and fibroblasts were studied in regions of the recovered tissues.

\textbf{A quantifiable investigation }

ANOVA in one direction was used. A post hoc analysis was used to examine how to estimate the wound region amongst groups at various time points. Using Chart Cushion software, it was possible to examine the typical differences in injury healing between the groups in the extraction and consumption wound models \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274656}.
    
\section{Results and Discussion}
A plant with protective properties called Alpinia purpurata L. is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine. Alpinia purpurata has been demonstrated to increase collagen production and reduce irritation in skin wounds. Alpinia purpurata also helps to manage the immune system and lowers wound bacterial infection. Alpinia purpurata is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase activity in fiery cells by increasing cyclic AMP levels and activating protein kinase C. Alpinia purpurata promotes fibroblast migration and growth, enhances angiogenesis, and aids the development of hair-like endothelial cells. Alpinia purpurata also hastens epithelialization and wound healing. Alpinia purpurata crosses the blood-mind barrier and enters the focused sensory system even if it is ineffectively digested and not retained when taken orally \unskip~\cite{1969773:28274654}. These findings imply that mouse recovery from advanced extraction twisted Alpinia purpurata leaf extrication.

\textbf{Influence on the extraction wound model}

These tests on animals show that rats managed to extract leaves while ostensibly working on damage recovery movements. They demonstrated that, when comparing creatures from groups 2, 3, and 4, those from groups 2, 3, and 4 had shorter epithelialization periods and greater amounts of small-scale wound constriction (Table~\ref{tw-90faece0ff41}). When compared to drug remove (5\%), treatment with drug separate (10\%) resulted in faster rates of twisted compression and epithelialization. On day 11, compared to the injuries of the benchmark group, the injuries of the creatures in groups 2 and 3 that had been freed had decreased by 74\% and 93\%, respectively (groups 1). Animals treated with the concentrate for wound constriction produced results that were nearly equal to those of positive controls (96\%). An analysis of the two root separate dosages showed that the high component (at 10\%) was significantly more effective than the low portion (at 5\%) at reducing the amount of time needed for epithelialization.

\textbf{Effect on Burn wound model}

Skin application of 5\% and 10\% concentrations of Alpinia purpurata leaf extract with mupirocin standard medication resulted in significant injury compression of half (days) when compared to control, which is similar to the extraction wound model. A close inspection of the different groups reveals that the high amount of root removal was more effective than the low portion in reducing the time needed for epithelialization (Table~\ref{tw-5f87da2069c4}).

\textbf{Histopathology research}

The following characteristics were discovered by a minute examination of the histological tests conducted on the sections collected from the injuries of the regular, control, and treatment groups.

\textbf{Normal}

The tissue is composed of thick collagen strands, round to oval fibroblasts, and blood supply pathways.

\textbf{Control}

The tissue's highly stimulated connective tissue and the existence of continued provocative cells in the spaces between the collagen strands were both indicative of fragmented damage healing. There are several veins with thin walls.

\textbf{Groups handled}

The tissues' sinewy connective tissue was filled with scattered fibroblasts. There were a small number of veins with thin walls, little lumina, and mild collagenation. tissues undergoing epithelialization. The treated group had larger levels of fibroblasts, collagen, and neovascularization than the control group. These results demonstrate that the treated group's injury recovery time was quicker than that of the control group. Higher concentration definitions (5\% and 10\%) revealed fibroblasts, erratic incendiary cells, and strong sinewy tissue with dense collagen packs. For all intents and purposes, it resembled solid tissues in a startling way. Using histological analyses, the segments of normal, control, and wounds treated with salve-based details are thoroughly explored below (Figure~\ref{f-45f9583e3c98}).

The effects of topically controlling Alpinia purpurata leaf extricate on damage mending and compression were examined using an extraction wound model. Rats treated with Alpinia purpurata leaf removal displayed accelerated wound healing. On the fifth day, creatures from bunch 4 shown a greater degree of twisted withdrawal, similar to those from any other remaining gatherings. The same scenario persisted into the tenth day as well. The effects of wound compression in creatures treated with the concentrate were the same as successful controls. According to the focus on injury constriction, the grouping of the native extricate develops as the injury withdrawal does. Rats provided the root remove balm planned in the ongoing study demonstrated observably further developed consume wound compression. Alpinia purpurata leaf extract has a case to be made for itself as a modest and convincing adjunct to existing skin medications for promoting quicker, less risky damage recovery. Many research projects have already addressed the use of common medications for the treatment of consumption wounds, but these have mostly focused on contamination prevention. The reducing qualities of certain everyday things may also hasten the healing of eat wounds. Although the exact recovering mechanism of Alpinia purpurata was not examined in the current analysis, it is likely to be attributed to both its mitigating and antibacterial qualities. These persuade us that Alpinia purpurata leaf concentrate has the potential to radically expand the range of effective dietary remedies now available. According to the results of the histology examinations, the treated animal groups displayed somewhat larger levels of collagen, fibroblasts, and neovascularization than the control groups, demonstrating that the wounds had healed more quickly. We can infer from the aforementioned data that these efficient plans with locally produced localised areas of strength have the ability to recover.
    
\section{Conclusion}
In excision and burn wound models, the current research demonstrates that topically applied Alpinia purpurata leaf extract improves wound contraction during healing. These preliminary results also suggest that Alpinia purpurata facilitates wound closure by triggering and prolonging healing.
    
\section{Acknowledgement}
I would like to thank Principal (Dr. V. Goutham), St.Mary's Group of Institutions, Deshmukhi (Village), Pochampally (Mandal), Yadadri Bhuvanagiri (Dist), Telangana - 508284, India.

\textbf{Conflict}

Nil.

\textbf{Funding}

Nil.
    
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