\documentclass[twocolumn,twoside]{article}
\makeatletter\if@twocolumn\PassOptionsToPackage{switch}{lineno}\else\fi\makeatother

\usepackage{amsfonts,amssymb,amsbsy,latexsym,amsmath,tabulary,graphicx,times,xcolor}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Following additional macros are required to function some 
% functions which are not available in the class used.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{url,multirow,morefloats,floatflt,cancel,tfrupee}
\makeatletter


\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{textcomp}{}{\usepackage{textcomp}}}
\makeatother
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage[nointegrals]{wasysym}
\urlstyle{rm}
\makeatletter

%%%For Table column width calculation.
\def\mcWidth#1{\csname TY@F#1\endcsname+\tabcolsep}

%%Hacking center and right align for table
\def\cAlignHack{\rightskip\@flushglue\leftskip\@flushglue\parindent\z@\parfillskip\z@skip}
\def\rAlignHack{\rightskip\z@skip\leftskip\@flushglue \parindent\z@\parfillskip\z@skip}

%Etal definition in references
\@ifundefined{etal}{\def\etal{\textit{et~al}}}{}


%\if@twocolumn\usepackage{dblfloatfix}\fi
\usepackage{ifxetex}
\ifxetex\else\if@twocolumn\@ifpackageloaded{stfloats}{}{\usepackage{dblfloatfix}}\fi\fi

\AtBeginDocument{
\expandafter\ifx\csname eqalign\endcsname\relax
\def\eqalign#1{\null\vcenter{\def\\{\cr}\openup\jot\m@th
  \ialign{\strut$\displaystyle{##}$\hfil&$\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil
      \crcr#1\crcr}}\,}
\fi
}

%For fixing hardfail when unicode letters appear inside table with endfloat
\AtBeginDocument{%
  \@ifpackageloaded{endfloat}%
   {\renewcommand\efloat@iwrite[1]{\immediate\expandafter\protected@write\csname efloat@post#1\endcsname{}}}{\newif\ifefloat@tables}%
}%

\def\BreakURLText#1{\@tfor\brk@tempa:=#1\do{\brk@tempa\hskip0pt}}
\let\lt=<
\let\gt=>
\def\processVert{\ifmmode|\else\textbar\fi}
\let\processvert\processVert

\@ifundefined{subparagraph}{
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{5}{2\parindent}{0ex plus 0.1ex minus 0.1ex}%
{0ex}{\normalfont\small\itshape}}%
}{}

% These are now gobbled, so won't appear in the PDF.
\newcommand\role[1]{\unskip}
\newcommand\aucollab[1]{\unskip}
  
\@ifundefined{tsGraphicsScaleX}{\gdef\tsGraphicsScaleX{1}}{}
\@ifundefined{tsGraphicsScaleY}{\gdef\tsGraphicsScaleY{.9}}{}
% To automatically resize figures to fit inside the text area
\def\checkGraphicsWidth{\ifdim\Gin@nat@width>\linewidth
	\tsGraphicsScaleX\linewidth\else\Gin@nat@width\fi}

\def\checkGraphicsHeight{\ifdim\Gin@nat@height>.9\textheight
	\tsGraphicsScaleY\textheight\else\Gin@nat@height\fi}

\def\fixFloatSize#1{}%\@ifundefined{processdelayedfloats}{\setbox0=\hbox{\includegraphics{#1}}\ifnum\wd0<\columnwidth\relax\renewenvironment{figure*}{\begin{figure}}{\end{figure}}\fi}{}}
\let\ts@includegraphics\includegraphics

\def\inlinegraphic[#1]#2{{\edef\@tempa{#1}\edef\baseline@shift{\ifx\@tempa\@empty0\else#1\fi}\edef\tempZ{\the\numexpr(\numexpr(\baseline@shift*\f@size/100))}\protect\raisebox{\tempZ pt}{\ts@includegraphics{#2}}}}

%\renewcommand{\includegraphics}[1]{\ts@includegraphics[width=\checkGraphicsWidth]{#1}}
\AtBeginDocument{\def\includegraphics{\@ifnextchar[{\ts@includegraphics}{\ts@includegraphics[width=\checkGraphicsWidth,height=\checkGraphicsHeight,keepaspectratio]}}}

\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathpzc}{OT1}{pzc}{m}{it}

\def\URL#1#2{\@ifundefined{href}{#2}{\href{#1}{#2}}}

%%For url break
\def\UrlOrds{\do\*\do\-\do\~\do\'\do\"\do\-}%
\g@addto@macro{\UrlBreaks}{\UrlOrds}



\edef\fntEncoding{\f@encoding}
\def\EUoneEnc{EU1}
\makeatother
\def\floatpagefraction{0.8} 
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{0.8}
\def\style#1#2{#2}
\def\xxxguillemotleft{\fontencoding{T1}\selectfont\guillemotleft}
\def\xxxguillemotright{\fontencoding{T1}\selectfont\guillemotright}

\newif\ifmultipleabstract\multipleabstractfalse%
\newenvironment{typesetAbstractGroup}{}{}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\AtBeginDocument{\let\citet\cite\let\citep\cite}
\usepackage[numbers,sort&compress,numbers,sort&compress]{natbib}



\newif\ifnokeywords\nokeywordsfalse

\makeatletter\input{size10-pointfive.clo}\makeatother%
\definecolor{kwdboxcolor}{RGB}{242,242,242}
\usepackage[hidelinks,colorlinks=true,allcolors=blue]{hyperref}
\linespread{1}                 
\def\floatpagefraction{0.8}

\usepackage[paperheight=11.69in,paperwidth=8.26in,top=1in,bottom=1in,left=1in,right=.75in,headsep=24pt]{geometry}

\usepackage{multirow-custom}

\makeatletter

\def\hlinewd#1{%
  \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1%
  \futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}
\def\tbltoprule{\hlinewd{1pt}\\[-14pt]}
\def\tblbottomrule{\noalign{\vspace*{6pt}}\hline\noalign{\vspace*{2pt}}}
\def\tblmidrule{\hline\noalign{\vspace*{2pt}}}



\let\@articleType\@empty
\let\@journalDoi\@empty
\let\@journalVolume\@empty
\let\@journalIssue\@empty
\let\@crossMarkLink\@empty
\let\@receivedDate\@empty
\let\@acceptedDate\@empty
\let\@revisedDate\@empty
\let\@publishedDate\@empty
\let\@copyrightYear\@empty
\let\@firstPage\@empty
\let\@eISSN\@empty
\let\@pISSN\@empty
\def\eISSN#1{\gdef\@eISSN{#1}}
\def\pISSN#1{\gdef\@pISSN{#1}}
\def\articleType#1{\gdef\@articleType{#1}}
\def\journalDoi#1{\gdef\@journalDoi{#1}}
\def\crossMarkLink#1{\gdef\@crossMarkLink{#1}}
\def\receivedDate#1{\gdef\@receivedDate{#1}}
\def\acceptedDate#1{\gdef\@acceptedDate{#1}}
\def\revisedDate#1{\gdef\@revisedDate{#1}}
\def\publishedDate#1{\gdef\@publishedDate{#1}}
\def\copyrightYear#1{\gdef\@copyrightYear{#1}}
\def\journalVolume#1{\gdef\@journalVolume{#1}}
\def\journalIssue#1{\gdef\@journalIssue{#1}}
\def\firstPage#1{\gdef\@firstPage{#1}}


\def\author#1{%
  \gdef\@author{%
    \hskip-\dimexpr(\tabcolsep)\hskip5pt%
    \parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-1pt}%
    {\fontsize{11}{13}\selectfont\raggedright #1}%
  }%
}


\usepackage{pharmascope-abs}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{lastpage}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage[noindentafter,explicit]{titlesec}
\usepackage{fontspec}

\setmainfont[%
BoldFont=cambriab.ttf,%
ItalicFont=CAMBRIAI.TTF,%
BoldItalicFont=CAMBRIAZ.TTF]{Cambria.ttf}
\usepackage{qrcode}

\def\abbrvJournalTitle{Int. J. of Clin. Pharm. Med. Sci.}
\def\jshort{ijcpms}

\def\title#1{%
  \gdef\@title{%
%      \vspace*{-20pt}%
       \vspace*{-48pt}
       \ifx\@articleType\@empty\else{\fontsize{10}{12}\scshape\selectfont\hspace{8pt}\@articleType\hfill\mbox{}\par\vspace{2pt}}\fi%
       \minipage{\linewidth}
         \hrulefill\\[-0.7pt]%
         \parbox{.1\linewidth}{\includegraphics[width=4.2cm]{pharmasprings_logo.png}}\hfill
%         \fcolorbox{kwdboxcolor}{kwdboxcolor}{\parbox{.792\linewidth}{%
         \fcolorbox{kwdboxcolor}{kwdboxcolor}{\parbox{.729\linewidth}{%
          \begin{center}
          \vskip-4pt 
          \scshape\fontsize{18}{20}\selectfont\journalTitle\hfill\end{center}%
          \vspace*{-16pt}{\vspace*{-3.1pt}\fontsize{8}{9}\selectfont Published by Pharma Springs Publication\hfill  Journal Home Page: \href{https://pharmasprings.com/ijcpms/}{\color{blue}\underline{\smash{https://pharmasprings.com/ijcpms/}}}}\hspace*{4pt}\mbox{}}}%
       \par\rule{\linewidth}{1.3pt}%
       \endminipage%
    \par\vspace*{9.2pt}\parbox{.98\linewidth}{\linespread{.9}\raggedright\fontsize{14}{17}\selectfont #1}%
    \vspace*{-8pt}%
  }
}


\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\setlength{\parskip}{0.4pc plus 1pt minus 1pt}


\fancypagestyle{headings}{%
  \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}%
  \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.3pt}
  \fancyhf{}%
  \fancyhead[R]{%
    \fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\RunningAuthor,\ \abbrvJournalTitle\ \@copyrightYear;\space\ifx\@journalVolume\@empty X\else\@journalVolume\fi%
    \ifx\@journalIssue\@empty\else(\@journalIssue)\fi%
    :\ \ifx\@firstPage\@empty 1\else\@firstPage\fi-\pageref*{LastPage}%
  }%
  \fancyfoot[RE]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\textcopyright\ Pharma Springs Publication\ $|$\space \journalTitle}%
  \fancyfoot[LO]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\textcopyright\ Pharma Springs Publication\ $|$\space \journalTitle}%
  \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\thepage}
}\pagestyle{headings}


                                                         
\fancypagestyle{plain}{%
  \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}%
  \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.3pt}%
  \fancyhf{}%
  \fancyhead[R]{%
    \fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\RunningAuthor,\ \abbrvJournalTitle\ \@copyrightYear;\space\ifx\@journalVolume\@empty X\else\@journalVolume\fi%
    \ifx\@journalIssue\@empty\else(\@journalIssue)\fi%
    :\ \ifx\@firstPage\@empty 1\else\@firstPage\fi-\pageref*{LastPage}%
  }%
  \fancyfoot[RE]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\textcopyright\ Pharma Springs Publication\ $|$\space \journalTitle}%
  \fancyfoot[LO]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\textcopyright\ Pharma Springs Publication\ $|$\space \journalTitle}%
  \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\fontsize{9.12}{11}\selectfont\thepage}
  \ifx\@firstPage\@empty\else\setcounter{page}{\@firstPage}\fi
}


\def\NormalBaseline{\def\baselinestretch{1.1}}
\usepackage{textcase}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}

\titleformat{\section}[block]{\bfseries\boldmath\NormalBaseline\filright\fontsize{10.5}{13}\selectfont}
{\thesection}
{6pt}
{\MakeTextUppercase{#1}}
[]
\titleformat{\subsection}[block]{\bfseries\boldmath\NormalBaseline\filright\fontsize{10.5}{12}\selectfont}
{\thesubsection}
{6pt}
{#1}
[]
\titleformat{\subsubsection}[block]{\NormalBaseline\filright\fontsize{10.5}{12}\selectfont}
{\thesubsubsection}
{6pt}
{#1}
[]
\titleformat{\paragraph}[block]{\NormalBaseline\filright\fontsize{10.5}{10}\selectfont}
{\theparagraph}
{6pt}
{#1}
[]
\titleformat{\subparagraph}[block]{\NormalBaseline\filright\fontsize{10.5}{12}\selectfont}
{\thesubparagraph}
{6pt}
{#1}
[]

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{.5\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}  
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{.5\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}  
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{.5\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}  
\titlespacing{\paragraph}{0pt}{.5\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}  
\titlespacing{\subparagraph}{0pt}{.5\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}

\captionsetup[figure]{skip=1.4pt,font=bf,labelsep=colon,justification=raggedright,singlelinecheck=false}
\captionsetup[table]{skip=1.4pt,font=bf,labelsep=colon,justification=raggedright,singlelinecheck=false}

\def\bibyear#1{#1}
\def\bibjtitle#1{#1}
\def\bibauand{}
\setlength\bibsep{3pt}
\setlength\bibhang{8pt}
\lefthyphenmin = 3
\makeatother
\date{}
\makeatletter
\usepackage{mdframed}
%\usepackage{balance}
\definecolor{unitednationsblue}{RGB}{222,234,246}
\definecolor{cpboxcolor}{RGB}{211,211,211}
\definecolor{citeboxcolor}{RGB}{242,242,242}
\def\printBio{%
  %\noindent\begin{mdframed}[innerbottommargin=7pt,backgroundcolor=unitednationsblue,hidealllines=true,frametitle={ABOUT AUTHORS},innerleftmargin=7pt,leftmargin=2pt,skipabove=1pt,innertopmargin=2pt,innerbottommargin=1pt,skipbelow=1pt]%
  \noindent\begin{mdframed}[innerbottommargin=7pt,backgroundcolor=unitednationsblue,hidealllines=true,frametitle={ABOUT AUTHORS},innerrightmargin=20pt,rightmargin=4,innerleftmargin=7pt,leftmargin=2pt,skipabove=1pt,innertopmargin=2pt,innerbottommargin=1pt,skipbelow=1pt]%
   \@tempcnta=0
    \loop
      \advance \@tempcnta by 1
      \def\aubioCnt{\the\@tempcnta}
      \vskip1pt
%      \noindent\hspace{-2pt}%\fbox{
%     \vspace*{1pt}
      \raisebox{62pt}%{\begin{minipage}[t]{.35\linewidth}%
      \expandafter\ifx\csname authorImage\aubioCnt\endcsname\relax%
       \else%
         \includegraphics[height=60pt,width=60pt]{\csname authorImage\aubioCnt\endcsname}%height=145pt
       \fi%
      %\end{minipage}
      %}%}
      \hskip 4pt%\fbox{
      \raisebox{52pt}{\begin{minipage}[t]{.74\linewidth}%
        {\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont{\csname authorName\aubioCnt\endcsname\\[5pt]}}
        \fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\csname authorDetails\aubioCnt\endcsname\\
      \end{minipage}}
%      }
%     \vskip10pt%
    \ifnum\@tempcnta < \theaubio
    \repeat
%     \vspace*{-16.5pt}%
  \end{mdframed}
}
\usepackage{balance}

\makeatother


\def\citeauthor{~Konda~Hema~Latha,
              ~Sujatha~S,
              ~Harinadha~Baba~K.}
\def\citetitle{Formulation and Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Nimesulide}
\def\copyrightstmt{This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.}
\publishedDate{}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Feature enabled:
%citation-style: unsrt
%citation-type: numbered
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\usepackage{float}

\begin{document}


\def\RunningAuthor{Konda Hema Latha et al.}
\firstPage{49}
\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{05 May 2021}
\acceptedDate{19 May 2021}
\revisedDate{17 May 2021}
\journalVolume{1}
\journalIssue{2}
\copyrightYear{2021}
\eISSN{2583-0953}
\journalDoi{10.26452/ijcpms.v1i2.197}
\def\authorCount{3}
\def\affCount{2}

\def\journalTitle{International Journal of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Medical Sciences}

\title{Formulation and Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Nimesulide}
\author{Konda~Hema~Latha\textsuperscript{*}\textsuperscript{1},  
            Sujatha~S\textsuperscript{1}, 
            Harinadha~Baba~K.\textsuperscript{2}~\\[5pt]{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Pharmaceutics, Narayana Pharmacy College, Chinthareddypalem, SPSR Nellore-524 002, SPSR Nellore (Dist), Andhra Pradesh, India.}~\\{\textsuperscript{2}Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Narayana Pharmacy College, Chinthareddypalem, SPSR Nellore-524 002, SPSR Nellore (Dist), Andhra Pradesh, India.}}

\begin{abstract}
The objective of the current study is to evolved nimesulide ODT or quickly dissolving tablet preparations by direct compression method applying sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrating agent is to provide better bioavailability with a maximum half-life period. The average weight of the tablets  251.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.25mg to 264.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 029 mg. The hardness was determined 4.25\ensuremath{\pm} 0.11to 6.25\ensuremath{\pm} 0.17 kg/cm\ensuremath{^{2}} during compression and friability for all the formulation varies from 0.47 \ensuremath{\pm}0.06 to 0.30 \ensuremath{\pm}0.05 \%. Water absorption of all preparations was noted to be 48\ensuremath{\pm}1.65\% to 72\ensuremath{\pm}1.53\%. Wetting time was acknowledging to be 50\ensuremath{\pm}0.12 to 60\ensuremath{\pm}0.15 sec. The disintegration time were found to be 15\ensuremath{\pm}0.01 sec to 11\ensuremath{\pm}0.04 sec. In F3 formulation the most drug release of 97.30\% in 30min. Good preparation F3 exhibits an r\ensuremath{^{2}} value of 0.980.
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}Oral Disintegrating Agents,\newline Nimesulide,\newline Sodium Starch Glycolate,\newline Microcrystalline Cellulose,\newline Release Order Kinetics.
\end{keywords}
\twocolumn[ \maketitle {\printKwdAbsBox}]
\makeatletter{\raggedright{\Large$^\ast$}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Konda~Hema~Latha~\\ Phone:\ +91 9573262517~\\  Email:\ lathakonda999@gmail.com
        \par}\vspace*{-13pt}\hrulefill~\\{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont\ifx\@eISSN\@empty\else eISSN: \@eISSN\fi\ifx\@pISSN\@empty\else\hfill pISSN: \@pISSN\fi}\par% 
        \textsc{DOI:}\ \href{https://doi.org/\@journalDoi}{\textcolor{blue}{\underline{\smash{https://doi.org/\@journalDoi}}}}\par%
        \vspace*{-12pt}\hrulefill\\[5pt]\hypersetup{allcolors=black}\qrcode[version=4,height=1.5cm]{https://doi.org/\@journalDoi}\hypersetup{allcolors=blue} \hspace*{10.5pt}\parbox[t]{5cm}{\raisebox{19pt}{\fontsize{9.12}{10.12}\selectfont Production and Hosted by}\\[-13pt]{{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont\raggedright Pharmasprings.com \\[-1pt]{\fontsize{9.12}{10.12}\selectfont\textcopyright\ \@copyrightYear\ $|$ All rights reserved.}\\[-8pt]\hspace*{-1pt}\rule{.762\columnwidth}{1.2pt}}}}\hypersetup{allcolors=blue}%{\fontsize{12}{14}\selectfont Pharmasprings.com}\par%
        \makeatother
        
    
\section{Introduction}
To develop various batch formulations of ODTs of nimesulide by direct compression technique. The ODTs satisfy the patient's demands that are difficult in the consumption of the conventional tablets. Next benefit of ODTs it doesn't need water or chewing prior to swallowing \unskip~\cite{1114065:22297759}. Some ODTs are prepared to soluble within a few seconds are commonly called as true oral disintegrating tablets. The performance of ODTs based on the manufacturing automation and the most required property of such a dosage form is the capability to quickly disintegrating and dispersing or soluble in the saliva, thereby preventing the requirement for water intake \unskip~\cite{1114065:22297967}. ODTs should represent some absolute properties to differ them from traditional conventional dosage forms. Nimesulide, a majorly advised anti-inflammatory analgesic drug having greater dissolution rate is a primary factor in its formulation evolution mainly solid dosage forms like tablets and nimesulide BCS class II drug having high permeability hence used as ODT formulation so it can easily be absorbed from salivary and mucosal tissues \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298008}. 
    
\section{MATERIALS AND METHODS}
Nimesulide became purchased free of charge sample from B.M.R Chemicals, Hyderabad; Microcrystalline cellulose, Dried Microcrystalline cellulose, Cross carmellose sodium, cross Povidone, Sodium starch glycolate, Talc, Magnesium stearate used to be a present sample of Hi-media laboratory. Mumbai and other ingredients victimized in with Analytical grade.

\textbf{Methodology}

\textbf{Compatibility Studies}

Compatibility study with excipients was performed by FTIR. The unmixed drug and its preparations along with excipients were exposed to FTIR studies. In the current study, the potassium bromide disc (pellet) method was applied \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298073}.

\textbf{Preparation of Nimesulide Oral Disintegrating Tablets}

Different Nimesulide oral dispersible tablet preparations were synthesized by direct compression method. The concentration of disintegrates was evolved as an ideal concentration under experimental formula and states of a formulation. A total of 4 preparations were produced. All the products be permitted to while away through  60 mesh sieve individually and gathered \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298075}. The drug and Avicel pH 101 were combined in a little proportion of both and single time mixed to get a uniform powder in a geometrical sequence [Table~\ref{tw-05fb8792903f}]. The tablets were then compress with the help of 10 mm size punches to get a tablet of 100 mg Nimesulide using a hydraulic press with the apt standard punches and placed in a well-closed container till consumed. In the primary set 3 batches of Nimesulide rapid dispersible tablets were produced by using various concentrations of sodium starch glycolate and supplementary super disintegrants.

\textbf{Evaluation Parameters }

\textbf{Pre Compression Parameters}

The blended mixture was analyzed for flow characteristics as follows.

Angle of repose: \ensuremath{\theta } = tan\ensuremath{^{-1}} (h/r) 

Bulk density = Weight of powder/ Bulk volume

Tapped density = Weight of powder/ Tapped volume

Carr's Index (I) = (Tapped Density -  Bulk Density)/ (Tapped Density) x100

Hausner's ratio = Tapped density/ Bulk density [Table~\ref{tw-5d19fa384397}] \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298076}.

\textbf{Post Compression Parameters}

\textbf{Weight Variation }

This test transmit by balancing 20 tablets separately \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298077}, together with the help of digital balance estimating the average weight, and in respective to the each tablet weight to the average weight.

\textbf{Tablet Thickness}

Tablet thickness was determined by keeping a tablet in between two arms \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298078}  the Vernier calipers. 5 tablets were considered and their thickness was determined.

\textbf{Hardness and Friability}

The hardness of the tablet may be determined with the help of Monsanto hardness test \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298079}. Friability was determined by first weighing 20 tablets after dusting and then placing them in a Roche Friabilator, which was rotated for 4 min at 25 rpm. After dusting, the total remaining mass of the tablets was recorded and the percent friability calculated using following equation
\begin{eqnarray*}\style{font-family:'Times New Roman'}{\style{font-size:8px}{\%Friability=100(W_o-W_f)/W_o}} \end{eqnarray*}
Where W\ensuremath{_{o}}-W\ensuremath{_{f}} is the weights of tablet before and after test for friability respectively.

\textbf{Wetting Time And Water Absorption Ratio}

The wetting time can be measured using a piece of tissue paper folded twice was placed in a small Petri dish (internal diameter of 5 cm) containing 6 ml of water. A tablet was placed on the paper and the time required for complete wetting was measured. The wetted tablet is then weighed and the water absorption ratio was calculated using following equation
\begin{eqnarray*}\style{font-family:'Times New Roman'}{\style{font-size:8px}{R\;=\;100\;(W_a-W_b)\;/\;W_b}} \end{eqnarray*}
where, W\ensuremath{_{b}} and W\ensuremath{_{a}} are the weights of tablet before and after water absorption respectively.

\textbf{Moisture Uptake }

The ODT should be directed to analyze the stability of the preparation. The 10 tablets from single preparation were placed in a desiccator above the calcium chloride at 37\ensuremath{^{o}}C for 24h. Then the tablets were considered their weight and allowed to 75\% relative humidity, at room temperature for two weeks \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298082}. 

\textit{\textbf{In-vitro}} \textbf{ Disintegration}

It was evaluated in three human volunteers by placing a tablet on the tongue and immediately after the last noticeable mass had disintegrated, the time was recorded \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298084}. 

\textit{\textbf{In-vitro}} \textbf{ Dissolution}

The dissolution using USP type II paddle apparatus in 6.8 PH phosphate buffer (900 ml) at 37\ensuremath{^{o}}C\ensuremath{\pm}0.5\ensuremath{^{o}}C at speed 50\ensuremath{\pm}5 rpm. At specified time intervals, 5 ml samples were collected and immediately replaced with an equal volume of fresh medium. Samples were suitably diluted and analyzed by using UV spectrophotometer and cumulative \% drug released was calculated \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298086}.

\textbf{Kinetic Treatment}

The data acquired from the in vitro  dissolution tests obtain the kinetic track record analysis \unskip~\cite{1114065:22298087}. 

Zero-order kinetics: Q \ensuremath{_{t}} = Q \ensuremath{_{o}} + K\ensuremath{_{o}} t

First-order kinetics:    Q\ensuremath{_{t}} = log Q\ensuremath{_{o\ }} + K\ensuremath{_{1}}t/2.303

Higuchi model: Q\ensuremath{_{t}} = K\ensuremath{_{H\ }} \ensuremath{\cdot}t\ensuremath{^{1/2}}

Korsmeyer-Peppas release model: Mt / M\ensuremath{_{\infty}} = K \ensuremath{\cdot} t \ensuremath{^{n}}


\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Composition of different formulations of Nimesulide ODTs} }
\label{tw-05fb8792903f}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1941\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2567\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1492\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack S.No. & Ingredients(mg) & \cAlignHack F1 & \cAlignHack F2 & \cAlignHack F3\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1. &
  Nimesulide &
  \cAlignHack 100 &
  \cAlignHack 100 &
  \cAlignHack 100\\
\cAlignHack 2. &
  Sodium starch glycolate &
  \cAlignHack 10 &
  \cAlignHack 20 &
  \cAlignHack 25\\
\cAlignHack 3. &
  MCC &
  \cAlignHack 50 &
  \cAlignHack 50 &
  \cAlignHack 50\\
\cAlignHack 4. &
  Mg.stearate &
  \cAlignHack 4 &
  \cAlignHack 4 &
  \cAlignHack 4\\
\cAlignHack 5. &
  Talc &
  \cAlignHack 6 &
  \cAlignHack 6 &
  \cAlignHack 6\\
\cAlignHack 6. &
  D-Mannitol &
  \cAlignHack 30 &
  \cAlignHack 20 &
  \cAlignHack 15\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Pre-Compression Parameters of Nimesulide ODTs} }
\label{tw-5d19fa384397}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.10120000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2025\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.18939999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.20400000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1339\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.169\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Code & \cAlignHack Angle of repose(\ensuremath{\theta }) & \cAlignHack Bulk density (g/cm\ensuremath{^{3}}) & \cAlignHack Tapped density (gm/cm\ensuremath{^{3}}) & \cAlignHack Hausner ratio (H) & \cAlignHack Carr's index (I)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F-1 &
  \cAlignHack 27.528\ensuremath{\pm}0.235\ensuremath{^\circ} &
  \cAlignHack 0.561\ensuremath{\pm}0.032 &
  \cAlignHack 0.634\ensuremath{\pm}0.043 &
  \cAlignHack 1.230 &
  \cAlignHack 18.04\\
\cAlignHack F-2 &
  \cAlignHack 24.512\ensuremath{\pm}0.290\ensuremath{^\circ} &
  \cAlignHack 0.567\ensuremath{\pm} 0.045 &
  \cAlignHack 0.660 \ensuremath{\pm}0.057 &
  \cAlignHack 1.164 &
  \cAlignHack 17.40\\
\cAlignHack F-3 &
  \cAlignHack 27.210\ensuremath{\pm}0.352\ensuremath{^\circ} &
  \cAlignHack 0.574\ensuremath{\pm} 0.058 &
  \cAlignHack 0.652\ensuremath{\pm}0.083 &
  \cAlignHack 1.235 &
  \cAlignHack   19.87\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Physicochemical Characterization of Nimesulide ODTs} }
\label{tw-cf51b4318c47}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1316\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1582\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1302\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.14\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.14\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.15540000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.14459999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation code & \cAlignHack Uniformity of weight(mg) & \cAlignHack Hardness (kg/cm\ensuremath{^{2}}) & \cAlignHack Friability (\%) & \cAlignHack Wetting Time (sec) & \cAlignHack Water Absorption Ratio (\%) & \cAlignHack Disintigration time (sec)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F1 &
  \cAlignHack 251.1\ensuremath{\pm}0.25 &
  \cAlignHack 4.25\ensuremath{\pm}0.11 &
  \cAlignHack 0.47\ensuremath{\pm}0.06 &
  \cAlignHack 60\ensuremath{\pm}0.15 &
  \cAlignHack 48\ensuremath{\pm}1.65 &
  \cAlignHack 15\ensuremath{\pm}0.01\\
\cAlignHack F2 &
  \cAlignHack 261.5\ensuremath{\pm}0.20 &
  \cAlignHack 5.00\ensuremath{\pm}0.77 &
  \cAlignHack 0.34\ensuremath{\pm}0.09 &
  \cAlignHack 56\ensuremath{\pm}0.35 &
  \cAlignHack 63\ensuremath{\pm}2.40 &
  \cAlignHack 12\ensuremath{\pm}0.06\\
\cAlignHack F3 &
  \cAlignHack 264.6\ensuremath{\pm}0.29 &
  \cAlignHack 6.25\ensuremath{\pm}0.17 &
  \cAlignHack 0.30\ensuremath{\pm}0.05 &
  \cAlignHack 50\ensuremath{\pm}0.12 &
  \cAlignHack 72\ensuremath{\pm}1.53 &
  \cAlignHack 11\ensuremath{\pm}0.04\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In-vitro} dissolution studies of Nimesulide ODTsF1-F3} }
\label{tw-85480b1d15d4}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.2402\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2598\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.25\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.25\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Time \mbox{}\protect\newline (Mints) & \cAlignHack F1 & \cAlignHack F2 & \cAlignHack F3\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 0 &
  \cAlignHack 0 &
  \cAlignHack 0 &
  \cAlignHack 0\\
\cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 21.04 &
  \cAlignHack 21.014 &
  \cAlignHack 251.01\\
\cAlignHack 10 &
  \cAlignHack 44.14 &
  \cAlignHack 44.16 &
  \cAlignHack 44.15\\
\cAlignHack 15 &
  \cAlignHack 59.7 &
  \cAlignHack 59.2 &
  \cAlignHack 59.5\\
\cAlignHack 20 &
  \cAlignHack 65.4 &
  \cAlignHack 65.8 &
  \cAlignHack 65.7\\
\cAlignHack 25 &
  \cAlignHack 68.25 &
  \cAlignHack 78.25 &
  \cAlignHack 84.25\\
\cAlignHack 30 &
  \cAlignHack 79.30 &
  \cAlignHack 84.30 &
  \cAlignHack 97.30\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Release order kinetics of Nimesulide ODTs} }
\label{tw-53ed35601402}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1714\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1486\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.18089999999999996\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1791\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\multicolumn{5}{p{\dimexpr(.8209\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack r\ensuremath{^{2}} values} & \cAlignHack n values\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation & \cAlignHack Zero order & \cAlignHack First order & \cAlignHack Higuchi & \cAlignHack Korsmeyer - Peppas & \cAlignHack Korsmeyer- Peppas (n)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F3 &
  \cAlignHack 0.980 &
  \cAlignHack 0.782 &
  \cAlignHack 0.953 &
  \cAlignHack 0.924 &
  \cAlignHack 1.146\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

    
\section{RESULTS and DISCUSSION}
\textbf{Compatibility Studies}

From drug excipient compatibility trend analysis, we referred to the absence of interactions between pure drug and excipients as depicted in Figures~\ref{f-a015c13fcffe} and~\ref{f-aa30f85b0f36}.


\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/0aa44aa2-b626-4542-8ae4-b86a1d804621-upicture2.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/0aa44aa2-b626-4542-8ae4-b86a1d804621-upicture2.png}{\includegraphics{images/0aa44aa2-b626-4542-8ae4-b86a1d804621-upicture2.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {FTIR Image of pure Nimesulide}}
\label{f-a015c13fcffe}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/ba494b47-b9ff-47eb-a73a-e4637bf0b690-upicture3.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/ba494b47-b9ff-47eb-a73a-e4637bf0b690-upicture3.png}{\includegraphics{images/ba494b47-b9ff-47eb-a73a-e4637bf0b690-upicture3.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {FTIR Image of Nimesulide and Excipients}}
\label{f-aa30f85b0f36}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/d7dcef9f-78b2-4583-9254-997915eb0c96-upicture4.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/d7dcef9f-78b2-4583-9254-997915eb0c96-upicture4.png}{\includegraphics{images/d7dcef9f-78b2-4583-9254-997915eb0c96-upicture4.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In Vitro} Drug Release Profiles of Nimesulide ODTs F1 and F3}}
\label{f-1117eea220e1}
\end{figure}
\egroup
\textbf{Characterization of Drug}

\textbf{Weight variation}

The average weight of the tablets  251.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.25mg to 264.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 029 mg [Table~\ref{tw-cf51b4318c47}].

\textbf{Hardness and Friability}

The hardness was determined 4.25\ensuremath{\pm} 0.11to 6.25\ensuremath{\pm} 0.17 kg/cm\ensuremath{^{2}} during compression and friability for all the formulation [Table~\ref{tw-cf51b4318c47}] varies from 0.47 \ensuremath{\pm}0.06 to 0.30 \ensuremath{\pm}0.05 \%.

\textbf{Water Absorption \& Wetting Time}

Water absorption of all preparations was noted to be 48\ensuremath{\pm}1.65\% to 72\ensuremath{\pm}1.53\%. Wetting time was acknowledging [Table~\ref{tw-cf51b4318c47}] to be 50\ensuremath{\pm}0.12to 60\ensuremath{\pm}0.15 sec.

\textbf{Disintegration Time}

All formulations were found to be 15\ensuremath{\pm}0.01 sec to 11\ensuremath{\pm}0.04 sec [Table~\ref{tw-cf51b4318c47}].

\textbf{\textit{In-vitro} Dissolution Studies}

In F3 formulation the most drug release of 97.30\% in 30min. The dynamic in drug release varied polymer levels in all three preparations [Table~\ref{tw-85480b1d15d4}  \& Figure~\ref{f-1117eea220e1}].

\textbf{Kinetic Studies}

The best formulation F3 performed with release order kinetics [Table~\ref{tw-53ed35601402}]. The best formulation F3 exhibits an r\ensuremath{^{2 }} value of 0.980.
    
\section{CONCLUSION}
Finally i~concluded that pre formulation and post formulation parameters of nimesulide ODTs are acceptable range. The in-vitro drug release data from the most satisfactory formulation F3 was suitable to different kinetic equations and the method of drug release was studied. The best formulation of F3 exhibited a highest drug release of 96.3\% in 30min.
    
\section{Acknowledgement}
I would like to thank my esteemed Principal (K. Harinadha Baba sir) \& My guide Dr. S. Sujatha Madam, Professor \& Head of Department of Pharmaceutics, Narayana Pharmacy College, Chinthareddypalem, SPSR Nellore-524 002, Andhra Pradesh, India \&  For her encouragement and kind suggestions to carry out my research work successfully.

\textbf{Conflict of interest}

The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.

\textbf{Funding Support}

The authors declare that they have no funding for this study.
    
\balance 

\bibliographystyle{unsrt}

\bibliography{\jobname}\vspace*{20pt} 
\begin{mdframed}[backgroundcolor=cpboxcolor,hidealllines=true,innerbottommargin=7pt,innerrightmargin=1pt,rightmargin=1pt,innerleftmargin=1pt,leftmargin=2pt,skipabove=1pt,innertopmargin=2pt,innerbottommargin=1pt,skipbelow=1pt]%
{\fontsize{8.5}{10}\selectfont\textbf{Copyright:}~\copyrightstmt}	
\end{mdframed}
        
\begin{mdframed}[backgroundcolor=citeboxcolor,hidealllines=true,innerbottommargin=7pt,innerrightmargin=4pt,rightmargin=4pt,innerleftmargin=2pt,leftmargin=2pt,skipabove=1pt,innertopmargin=2pt,innerbottommargin=4pt,skipbelow=2pt]%
{\fontsize{8.5}{10}\selectfont\textbf{Cite~this~article:}~\citeauthor.~\citetitle.\space\makeatletter\abbrvJournalTitle\ \@copyrightYear;\ \ifx\@journalVolume\@empty X\else\@journalVolume\fi\ifx\@journalIssue\@empty\else(\@journalIssue)\fi:\ \ifx\@firstPage\@empty 1\else\@firstPage\fi-\pageref*{LastPage}.\makeatother}	
\end{mdframed}
\vskip-1.1pc

\vskip.5pc
{\includegraphics[width=5cm]{pharmasprings_logo.png}}
~\\
{\fontsize{9.12}{10.12}\selectfont\textcopyright\ \makeatletter\@copyrightYear\makeatother\ Pharma Springs Publication.}

\end{document}
