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\def\citeauthor{~Saravanakumar~K,
              ~Pommala~Nagaveni,
              ~Dwarakanadha~Reddy~Peram,
              ~Kishore~Babu~Medarametla,
              ~Tirumala~Chetty~Sudheer~Kumar,
              ~Anna~Balaji}
\def\citetitle{Formulation and Evaluation of Meloxicam pH Induced \textit{In-situ} Gels}
\def\copyrightstmt{This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.}
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\def\RunningAuthor{Saravanakumar K et al.}
\firstPage{23}
\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{20 Feb 2021}
\acceptedDate{02 Mar 2021}
\revisedDate{28 Feb 2021}
\journalVolume{1}
\journalIssue{1}
\copyrightYear{2021}
\eISSN{2583-0953}
\journalDoi{10.26452/ijcpms.v1i1.187}
\def\authorCount{6}
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\def\journalTitle{International Journal of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Medical Sciences}

\title{Formulation and Evaluation of Meloxicam pH Induced \textit{In-situ} Gels}
\author{Saravanakumar~K\textsuperscript{*}\textsuperscript{1},  
            Pommala~Nagaveni\textsuperscript{2},  
            Dwarakanadha~Reddy~Peram\textsuperscript{3},  
            Kishore~Babu~Medarametla\textsuperscript{4},  
            Tirumala~Chetty~Sudheer~Kumar\textsuperscript{1}, 
            Anna~Balaji\textsuperscript{1}~\\[5pt]{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, Tirupathi-517 102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{2}Department of Pharmaceutics, SVU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SV University, Tiruapthi, Chittoor District {\textendash} 517 102, Andhra Pradesh, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{3}Department of Pharmaceutics, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, Rajampeta-516 216, YSR Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{4}Department of Pharmaceutics, Krishna Teja Pharmacy College Chadalawada Nagar, Tirupati-517 506, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India}}

\begin{abstract}
The traditional liquid ophthalmic delivery methods expose light pre-corneal residence time to come and also the better half retentivity to with the cornea which results in poor eye bioavailability. The aim of the present work was to formulate and evaluate an pH induced \textit{in situ } gels for a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Meloxicam, based on the concept of pH Induced \textit{in situ} gelation. The sodium alginate was used as the gelling agent in combination with HPMC (0.25- 0.75 \% w/v) which means a viscosity improving agent. Compatibility studies of the drug excipients were carried out using FTIR studies. The planned out formulations have been characterised as clarity, pH, Gelation studies, drug content, \textit{In vitro} drug release. \textit{In vitro} release studies determined for which MF8  formulation containing 0.3\%w/v of sodium and HPMC (10cps \& 15cps) with 0.5\%w/v each shows sustained drug release up to 8hrs \& follows zero order kinetics. 
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}Gelling Agent,\newline pH induced,\newline Bioavailability,\newline Sodium Alginate,\newline Release Kinetics
\end{keywords}
\twocolumn[ \maketitle {\printKwdAbsBox}]
\makeatletter{\raggedright{\Large$^\ast$}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Saravanakumar~K~\\ Phone:\ +91 90000 90348~\\  Email:\ saravanakumar156@gmail.com
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        \makeatother
        
    
\section{Introduction}
The current work envisaged formulating a pH-induced \textit{in situ} gelling system of Meloxicam to attain see the light patient compliance by increasing residence time and bioavailability \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546076}. The advantages of \textit{in situ} gel forming systems includes ease of administration and reduced frequency of administration. Meloxicam is a NSAID belonging to the class of oxicams. Meloxicam inhibits cyclooxygenase synthesis \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546080}. It has analgesic and antipyretic effect and used within the treatment containing rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic and postoperative pain, inflammation and swelling. 
    
\section{Material and Methods}
Meloxicam was obtained from BMR Chemicals, Hyderabad. HPMC 10 cps, HPMC 15 cps were supplied by Bliss chemicals \& pharmaceuticals India Ltd., Mumbai, India. Benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride were supplied by MJ Biopharmaceuticals, Mumbai various chemical have been were using analytical grade. 

\textbf{Methodology}

\textbf{Interaction studies}

Sample concentration in KBr must be within the limits of 0.2\% to 1\%. The thickness of the pellet is much greater than a liquid film, so sample with low concentration in in-situ gelling systems \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546084}. 

\textbf{Preparation of pH Induced \textit{In-Situ} Gelling System}

\textit{In situ} gelling liquids had been planned out victimisation abundant concentrations of HPMC 10cps and HPMC 15cps with combination of HPMC 10cps \& HPMC 15cps. Meloxicam (0.5 w/v) was weighed individually and melted within the water. HPMC 15cps \& HPMC 10cps solutions. The Meloxicam solution used to be added to the alginate solution underneath constant stirring until eventually uniform, clear solution was obtained. Further, to these mixture different concentrations of HPMC 15cps \& HPMC 10cps were added. Benzalkonium chloride, sodium chloride was add to the previous solutions \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546079}. Finally, the amount used to be adjusted with distilled water up to 100 ml (Table~\ref{tw-41557e3880b0}). 


\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Formulation of Meloxicam pH-Induced \textit{In situ} Gels} }
\label{tw-41557e3880b0}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1943\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0857\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0811\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.08830000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.09189999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.09100000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.09559999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.08559999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0865\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Ingredients \mbox{}\protect\newline (\%w/v) & MF1 & MF2 & MF3 & MF4 & MF5 & MF6 & MF7 & MF8 & MF9\\
\tblmidrule 
Meloxicam &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5 &
  0.5\\
Sodium alginate &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3 &
  0.3\\
HPMC 10cps &
  0.25 &
  0.5 &
  0.75 &
  -- &
  -- &
  -- &
  0.25 &
  0.5 &
  0.75\\
HPMC 15cps &
  -- &
  -- &
  -- &
  0.25 &
  0.5 &
  0.75 &
  0.25 &
  0.5 &
  0.75\\
Benzalkonium chloride &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02 &
  0.02\\
sodium chloride &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9 &
  0.9\\
Water (ml) &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100 &
  100\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Evaluation of pH, Drug Content Analysis, gelation temperature} }
\label{tw-75622a01e637}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
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\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.2478\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.3129\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1915\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2478\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Formulations & Gelation temperature & pH & Drug content\\
\tblmidrule 
MF1 &
  26.92\ensuremath{\pm}0.15 &
  7.5\ensuremath{\pm}0.01 &
  96.14\ensuremath{\pm}0.22\\
MF2 &
  26.52\ensuremath{\pm}0.45 &
  6.9\ensuremath{\pm}0.07 &
  93.27\ensuremath{\pm}0.56\\
MF3 &
  25.15\ensuremath{\pm}0.22 &
  6.9\ensuremath{\pm}0.06 &
  98.39\ensuremath{\pm}0.01\\
MF4 &
  29.92\ensuremath{\pm}0.50 &
  7.2\ensuremath{\pm}0.09 &
  99.78\ensuremath{\pm}1.86\\
MF5 &
  31.18\ensuremath{\pm}0.33 &
  6.9\ensuremath{\pm}0.04 &
  96.65\ensuremath{\pm}0.52\\
MF6 &
  30.46\ensuremath{\pm}0.48 &
  7.2\ensuremath{\pm}0.03 &
  97.19\ensuremath{\pm}0.48\\
MF7 &
  38.36\ensuremath{\pm}0.12 &
  7.0\ensuremath{\pm}0.20 &
  96.45\ensuremath{\pm}1.89\\
MF8 &
  37.68\ensuremath{\pm}0.28 &
  7.1\ensuremath{\pm}0.15 &
  95.36\ensuremath{\pm}2.46\\
MF9 &
  35.43\ensuremath{\pm}0.72 &
  7.3\ensuremath{\pm}0.05 &
  98.52\ensuremath{\pm}0.66\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Rheological studies of all the formulations} }
\label{tw-06bdbc7ab6d0}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1279\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0721\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1054\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0946\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Shear Rate (RPM) & \multicolumn{9}{p{\dimexpr(.8721000000000001\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack Viscosity (cps) of Formulations}\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor} & MF1 & MF2 & MF3 & MF4 & MF5 & MF6 & MF7 & MF8 & MF9 \\
\tblmidrule 
2 &
  102.1 &
  105.0 &
  106.5 &
  101.0 &
  103.0 &
  107.1 &
  98.6 &
  100.2 &
  102.2\\
4 &
  96.0 &
  97.4 &
  99.2 &
  94.2 &
  98.5 &
  99.6 &
  91.2 &
  94.3 &
  97.5\\
6 &
  81.2 &
  84.5 &
  88.4 &
  78.5 &
  82.3 &
  85.4 &
  80.4 &
  82.1 &
  85.4\\
10 &
  63.7 &
  66.0 &
  68.5 &
  61.0 &
  64.0 &
  69.0 &
  61.5 &
  64.5 &
  66.2\\
20 &
  39.5 &
  41.2 &
  46.4 &
  38.0 &
  40.2 &
  43.2 &
  38.0 &
  41.6 &
  43.7\\
30 &
  29.4 &
  31.3 &
  36.0 &
  29.0 &
  31.5 &
  34.5 &
  27.1 &
  30.0 &
  32.0\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In-Vitro }Release Profile of Meloxicam pH-induced \textit{in situ} gels} }
\label{tw-cee0fd9434c0}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}Time  \mbox{}\protect\newline (hr) & MF1 & MF2 & MF3 & MF4 & MF5 & MF6 & MF7 & MF8 & MF9\\
\tblmidrule 
0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0 &
  0\\
1 &
  46.95\ensuremath{\pm}     0.16 &
  42.08\ensuremath{\pm}     0.86 &
  36.95\ensuremath{\pm}     0.32 &
  42.69\ensuremath{\pm}     0.15 &
  40.05\ensuremath{\pm}     0.15 &
  32.95\ensuremath{\pm}     0.16 &
  22.64\ensuremath{\pm}     0.46 &
  19.06\ensuremath{\pm}     0.12 &
  16.85\ensuremath{\pm}     0.20\\
2 &
  72.37\ensuremath{\pm}     0.24 &
  56.94\ensuremath{\pm}     0.95 &
  46.75\ensuremath{\pm}     0.56 &
  56.09\ensuremath{\pm}     0.26 &
  52.94\ensuremath{\pm}     0.23 &
  39.46\ensuremath{\pm}     0.24 &
  36.53\ensuremath{\pm}     0.23 &
  22.63\ensuremath{\pm}     0.26 &
  26.37\ensuremath{\pm}     0.62\\
3 &
  86.95\ensuremath{\pm}     0.53 &
  69.37\ensuremath{\pm}     0.32 &
  62.08\ensuremath{\pm}     0.80 &
  62.38\ensuremath{\pm}     0.33 &
  59.36\ensuremath{\pm}     0.46 &
  49.61\ensuremath{\pm}     0.85 &
  46.25\ensuremath{\pm}     0.52 &
  39.38\ensuremath{\pm}     0.48 &
  37.31\ensuremath{\pm}     0.23\\
4 &
  96.08\ensuremath{\pm}     0.63 &
  80.92\ensuremath{\pm}     0.10 &
  76.34\ensuremath{\pm}     0.43 &
  73.64\ensuremath{\pm}     0.84 &
  62.38\ensuremath{\pm}     0.86 &
  52.06\ensuremath{\pm}     0.36 &
  59.76\ensuremath{\pm}     0.89 &
  49.85\ensuremath{\pm}     0.84 &
  46.38\ensuremath{\pm}     0.15\\
5 &
  - &
  98.34\ensuremath{\pm}     0.31 &
  83.96\ensuremath{\pm}     0.26 &
  98.96\ensuremath{\pm}     0.56 &
  76.48\ensuremath{\pm}     0.22 &
  66.08\ensuremath{\pm}     0.95 &
  72.84\ensuremath{\pm}     0.66 &
  66.07\ensuremath{\pm}     0.62 &
  55.82\ensuremath{\pm}     0.01\\
6 &
  - &
  - &
  97.34\ensuremath{\pm}     0.16 &
  - &
  89.38\ensuremath{\pm}     0.46 &
  86.34\ensuremath{\pm}     0.42 &
  86.84\ensuremath{\pm}     0.34 &
  70.49\ensuremath{\pm}     0.31 &
  59.31\ensuremath{\pm}     0.62\\
7 &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  95.61\ensuremath{\pm}     0.29 &
  98.68\ensuremath{\pm}     0.54 &
  96.81\ensuremath{\pm}     0.21 &
  83.94\ensuremath{\pm}     0.20 &
  63.68\ensuremath{\pm}     0.23\\
8 &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  - &
  98.52\ensuremath{\pm}     0.46 &
  79.64\ensuremath{\pm}     0.15\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Drug release kinetics} }
\label{tw-445ad9af480f}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.169\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1105\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.15549999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.245\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\multicolumn{5}{p{\dimexpr(.755\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack r\ensuremath{^{2}} values } & n values \\
\tblmidrule 
Formulation  &
  Zero-order  &
  First-order  &
  Higuchi  &
  Korsmeyer - Peppas  &
  Korsmeyer- Peppas (n) \\
MF8  &
  0.991 &
  0.725 &
  0.921 &
  0.698 &
  1.490\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/caa87e50-52bf-44e6-b5a6-5e39aee0ac94-upicture1.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/caa87e50-52bf-44e6-b5a6-5e39aee0ac94-upicture1.png}{\includegraphics{images/caa87e50-52bf-44e6-b5a6-5e39aee0ac94-upicture1.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {IR spectra of pure drug}}
\label{f-e0ec34651937}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/be3f9215-679c-4f04-baf6-928082cb7833-upicture2.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/be3f9215-679c-4f04-baf6-928082cb7833-upicture2.png}{\includegraphics{images/be3f9215-679c-4f04-baf6-928082cb7833-upicture2.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {IR spectra of optimized formulation}}
\label{f-c874dce9427d}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/6dfd30a8-d462-4fe8-a05a-fe806a5a4022-upicture3.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/6dfd30a8-d462-4fe8-a05a-fe806a5a4022-upicture3.png}{\includegraphics{images/6dfd30a8-d462-4fe8-a05a-fe806a5a4022-upicture3.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In-Vitro} Release Profile of Meloxicam pH-induced \textit{in situ} gels}}
\label{f-856e804493c4}
\end{figure}
\egroup
\textbf{Evaluation of Formulation}

\textbf{Visual Appearance and Clarity}

It becomes done beneath fluorescent light opposed to a white and black backdrop for the reason that presence containing any particulate matter\unskip~\cite{1020930:21546085}.

\textbf{pH}

The planned out in-situ gels sounded using pH meter \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546082}.

\textbf{Drug Content Analysis}

The assay all these formulations transmit mostly by pipetting 0.1 ml of optimized formulation, as well as it was once diluted equal to 100 ml containing Simulated Tear Fluid \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546077}. The absorbance used to be sounded at 293 nm with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

\textbf{Gelation Temperature}

In a beaker containing cold sample solution at low temperature, immersed thermometer inside the sample. The beaker kept in a magnetic bar at 200 rpm. The melting point from which the magnetic bar flashed moving due to gelation was reported as the gelation melting point (Table~\ref{tw-75622a01e637}).  

\textbf{Rheological Studies}

The viscosity purpose transmits mostly by using a Brookfield viscometer \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546086}.\textbf{\space }

\textit{\textbf{In-Vitro}} \textbf{ Release Studies }

In Franz diffusion cell used to be stuffed with 10 mL fresh simulated tear fluid in receptor compartment \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546083}. The receptor fluid used to be kept at 37 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.5\ensuremath{^\circ}C as well as constant moving employing Teflon coated magnetic stir. Spectracular samples had been examined absorbance at 293 nm within a spectrophotometer.

\textbf{Drug Release kinetic Studies}

In the present study, data of the \textit{In vitro} release were fitted to different equations and kinetic models to explain the release kinetics of meloxicam in-situ gels \unskip~\cite{1020930:21546081}.

Zero-order model: Qt = Q0 + K0t

First Order Model: Log C= Log C\ensuremath{_{o}}-kt/2.303

Higuchi model: Q = K\ensuremath{_{H}} - t\ensuremath{^{1/2}}

Korsmeyer-Peppas model: Mt / M\ensuremath{\infty } = Kt\ensuremath{^{n}}
    
\section{RESULTS AND DISCUSSION}
\textbf{FTIR Studies}

Spectacular peaks acquired in the spectra going from optimized formulation have been correlative with spectacular peaks consisting of the drug spectrum. 

This means therefore the drug was compatible using the formulation components as shown in Figures~\ref{f-e0ec34651937} and~\ref{f-c874dce9427d}. 

\textbf{Rheological Studies}

The formulation must have optimal viscosity for straight forward installation into the eye, which is able to submit to a quick sol-to-gel transition, hence the virtue solidify capacity (Table~\ref{tw-06bdbc7ab6d0}).

\textit{\textbf{In-Vitro}} \textbf{ Release Studies}

Total nine formulations were designed by using two different polymers and gelling agent, among them MF1 to MF3 formulations, were formulated using HPMC 10cps as viscosity enhancer with three different proportions (0.25, 0.5, \& 0.75\%) in which maximum concentration shows sustain release up to 6hrs. Further formulations were formulated using HPMC 15cps with the same proportions. MF4-MF6 formulations were formulated using HPMC 15cps as a viscosity enhancer. Among them, HPMC 15cps with the highest concentration shows maximum sustain release up to 7hrs. Further 3 formulations were designed with a combination of HPMC 10cps \& 15cps. MF7-MF9 formulation was formulated using HPMC 10cps \& HPMC 15cps in combination. MF7 formulations show a maximum drug release of 96.81\% up to 7 hrs. Whereas MF8 formulation shows 98.52\% of drug release at then of 8th hour and MF9 formulation shows 79.64\% drug release at the end of 8\ensuremath{^{th}} hour due to higher proportion of polymer. So MF8 formulation displays level best drug release subsequently of 8 hours therefore its far selected as an optimized choice of words futher drug release kinetics report were carried out for MF8 formulation as shown in Figure~\ref{f-856e804493c4} \& Table~\ref{tw-cee0fd9434c0}.

\textbf{Release Order kinetics}

The in vitro drug release data expedient formulation MF8 were fitted in different kinetic models i.e., zero order, first order, and Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. Optimized formulation MF8 shows r\ensuremath{^{2 }}value 0.991. As its value nearer to the `1', it is confirmed as it follows the zero-order release (Table~\ref{tw-445ad9af480f}). The steering mechanism of drug discharge is further unalterable individually Korsmeyer plus Peppas plot line, if n = 0.45 it truly is called Fickian diffusion, 0.45 \textless\ n \textless\ 0.89 suggest anomalous propriety. The `n' worth is 1.490 for the optimized  formulation (MF8) i.e., n value was n {\textgreater} 0.89 which indicates Super case II transport.
    
\section{CONCLUSION}
Meloxicam was successfully formulated as an \textit{in situ} gel using HPMC as a polymer. Sodium alginate as a gelling agent is used in combination with HPMC as a viscosity-improving agent. The phrasing used to be liquid and performed speedy gelation consequent to approaching toward tear up fluid. Spectacular MF8 gel shaped \textit{in situ} accorded sustained drug waiver over the eight hours period. 
    
\section{Acknowledgement}
I would like to thank Chairman and Principal of Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, Tirupathi-517 102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh\textbf{\space }

\textbf{Conflict of interest}

The authors testify that they got no conflict of interest in that study.

\textbf{Funding support}

The authors testify that they have already no funding support given that study.
    
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