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\def\citeauthor{~Praveen~Gujjula,
              ~Angala~Parameswari~S,
              ~Varun~Dasari}
\def\citetitle{Formulation Design and Evaluation of Olmesartan Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets}
\def\copyrightstmt{This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.}
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\begin{document}


\def\RunningAuthor{Praveen Gujjula et al.}
\firstPage{186}
\articleType{Original Article}
\receivedDate{20 Aug 2021}
\acceptedDate{07 Sep 2021}
\revisedDate{05 Sep 2021}
\journalVolume{1}
\journalIssue{4}
\journalDoi{fjphs.v1i4.184}
\copyrightYear{2021}
\eISSN{2583-116X}
\journalDoi{fjphs.v1i4.184}
\def\authorCount{3}
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\def\journalTitle{Future Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Sciences}

\title{Formulation Design and Evaluation of Olmesartan Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets}
\author{Praveen~Gujjula\textsuperscript{*}\textsuperscript{1}\textsuperscript{\href{https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7754-6165}{\XeTeXLinkBox{\includegraphics[height=7pt]{orcid-logo-pharmascope.pdf}}}},  
            Angala~Parameswari~S\textsuperscript{2}, 
            Varun~Dasari\textsuperscript{1}~\\[5pt]{\textsuperscript{1}Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Facing Main Road, Sheriguda, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy-501 510, Telangana, India}~\\{\textsuperscript{2}Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Jagan's College of Pharmacy, Jangala Kandriga (V), Muthukur (M), SPSR Nellore-524 346, Andhra Pradesh, India}}

\begin{abstract}
The present study mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Olmesartan can be used to bypass the extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism and improve the bioavailability. The mucoadhesive Buccal tablets of Olmesartan are a drug of choice in the treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidneys. The FTIR results revealed that there was no interaction between drugs and other excipients. All the post-compression parameter was within acceptable limits. The \textit{in vitro }drug release was in the range of 85.35\% to 99.65\% after 8 hrs the very best regression integrity (r) the best fit role model for F1 to F8 used to be zero-order and for F9 it was Higuchi matrix. 
\end{abstract}\def\keywordstitle{Keywords}

\begin{keywords}Olmesartan,\newline Mucoadhesive,\newline Buccal Tablets
\end{keywords}
\twocolumn[ \maketitle {\printKwdAbsBox}]
\makeatletter{\raggedright{\Large$^\ast$}Corresponding Author\par Name:\ Praveen~Gujjula~\\ Phone:\ +91 9010207597~\\  Email:\ praveen.pharma33@gmail.com
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\section{Introduction}
Olmesartan is in a class of medications called angiotensin II receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of certain natural substances that tighten the blood vessels, allowing the blood to flow more smoothly and the heart to pump more efficiently \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151585}. Frequent administration is necessary to maintain its therapeutic concentration. To maintain the therapeutic concentration of Olmesartan modified release formulations are necessary. The main aim of the work is to prolong the residence time at the site of application or absorption and to facilitate intimate contact with the underlying absorption surface to improve and enhance bioavailability \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151678}.
    
\section{MATERIALS AND METHODS}
Olmesartan has received a free sample from Medhrisch Pharma, Bangalore. Carbopol 934, HPMC 100 m, Xanthan gum used to be purchased from SD fine chemicals Ltd., Mumbai. Talc, Magnesium stearate, Lactose \& sodium hydroxide used to be acquired from SD fine chemicals Ltd., Mumbai. All abundant chemical substances as well as chemical agent utilized in this study, are of analytical grade.

\textbf{Methodology}

Compatibility study with excipients was performed by FTIR. The unmixed drug its arrangements with excipients encounter FTIR reports \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151696}.

\textbf{Formulation }\textbf{of} \textbf{ Olmesartan Buccal Tablet\ensuremath{^{}}}

It have been planned out by direct compression method exploitation polymers such as carbopol 934, HPMC K 100 M, Xanthan gum, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc in a different ratio. The ingredients have been visually inspected correctly and blended by agitation in a motor along with pestle \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151797}. 

The above-lubricated blend was loaded within tablets victimisation 12 mm Standard concave punches in an 8 Station Rotary Tablet Machine [Table~\ref{tw-4d4430fe136f}].

\textbf{Pre Compression Evaluation Parameters }

The blended mixture was analyzed for flow characteristics as follows \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151875}.

Angle of repose: \ensuremath{\theta } = tan\ensuremath{^{-1}} (h/r) 

Bulk density = Weight of powder/ Bulk volume

Tapped density = Weight of powder/ Tapped volume

Carr's Index (I) = (Tapped Density - Bulk Density)/ (Tapped Density) x100

Hausner's ratio = Tapped density/ Bulk density

\textbf{Post Compression Parameters}

\textbf{Tablet Thickness}

Tablet thickness was determined by keeping a tablet in between two arms the Vernier calipers \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151878}.


\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Composition of Olmesartan Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets} }
\label{tw-4d4430fe136f}
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\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formula Code & \cAlignHack Drug \mbox{}\protect\newline (mg) & \cAlignHack CP934 \mbox{}\protect\newline (mg) & \cAlignHack HPMC K 100M (mg) & \cAlignHack Xanthan gum (mg) & \cAlignHack Lactose \mbox{}\protect\newline (mg) & \cAlignHack Talc (mg) & \cAlignHack Mg.Ster (mg)\\
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  \cAlignHack 1 &
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  \cAlignHack 50 &
  \cAlignHack -- &
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  \cAlignHack 89 &
  \cAlignHack 1 &
  \cAlignHack 2\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{3}} &
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  \cAlignHack - &
  \cAlignHack 35 &
  \cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 109 &
  \cAlignHack 1 &
  \cAlignHack 2\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{4}} &
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  \cAlignHack -- &
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  \cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 89 &
  \cAlignHack 1 &
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\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{5}} &
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  \cAlignHack 30 &
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  \cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 79 &
  \cAlignHack 1 &
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\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{6}} &
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  \cAlignHack 15 &
  \cAlignHack 30 &
  \cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 94 &
  \cAlignHack 1 &
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\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{7}} &
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\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {FTIR Functional Groups} }
\label{tw-540e544a08a6}
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  \cAlignHack 1693, 1620 &
  \cAlignHack 3008, 2973 &
  \cAlignHack 2873\\
\cAlignHack Drug + Carbopol 934 &
  \cAlignHack 3448 &
  \cAlignHack 1620, 1697 &
  \cAlignHack 3008, 2973 &
  \cAlignHack 2870\\
\cAlignHack Drug + HPMC K100M &
  \cAlignHack 3432 &
  \cAlignHack 1690, 1620 &
  \cAlignHack 2973 &
  \cAlignHack 2875\\
\cAlignHack Drug + Xantham Gum &
  \cAlignHack 3464 &
  \cAlignHack 1689, 1620 &
  \cAlignHack 2937 &
  \cAlignHack 2870\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Evaluation of Blend Characteristics of Olmesartan} }
\label{tw-24e2a74228d3}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.17009999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1735\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2033\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.22330000000000005\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.22979999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation Code & \cAlignHack Bulk Density (gm/cc) & \cAlignHack Tapped density (gm/cc\ensuremath{^{3}}) & \cAlignHack Compressibility Index (CI) & \cAlignHack Angle of repose (\ensuremath{\theta }) \ensuremath{\pm} S.D (n=3)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{1}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.415 &
  \cAlignHack 0.48 &
  \cAlignHack 16.66 &
  \cAlignHack 27.65\ensuremath{\pm} 1.18\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{2}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.395 &
  \cAlignHack 0.45 &
  \cAlignHack 13.28 &
  \cAlignHack 28.695\ensuremath{\pm} 1.39\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{3}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.371 &
  \cAlignHack 0.43 &
  \cAlignHack 14.18 &
  \cAlignHack 29.031\ensuremath{\pm} 1.58\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{4}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.432 &
  \cAlignHack 0.50 &
  \cAlignHack 13.33 &
  \cAlignHack 27.030\ensuremath{\pm} 1.60\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{5}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.382 &
  \cAlignHack 0.47 &
  \cAlignHack 14.70 &
  \cAlignHack 28.654\ensuremath{\pm} 1.83\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{6}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.317 &
  \cAlignHack 0.43 &
  \cAlignHack 14.28 &
  \cAlignHack 29.374\ensuremath{\pm} 1.69\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{7}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.427 &
  \cAlignHack 0.49 &
  \cAlignHack 15.85 &
  \cAlignHack 27.321\ensuremath{\pm} 1.54\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{8}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.411 &
  \cAlignHack 0.47 &
  \cAlignHack 14.94 &
  \cAlignHack 28.541\ensuremath{\pm} 1.32\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{9}} &
  \cAlignHack 0.384 &
  \cAlignHack 0.44 &
  \cAlignHack 13.65 &
  \cAlignHack 29.612\ensuremath{\pm} 1.12\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Physical Characteristics of Olmesartan Blend} }
\label{tw-b72f212687d4}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.20\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2017\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1752\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.22139999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2017\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation Code & \cAlignHack Thickness (mm) \ensuremath{\pm} S.D. & \cAlignHack Diameter  \mbox{}\protect\newline (mm) & \cAlignHack Hardness (kg/cm\ensuremath{^{2}}) \ensuremath{\pm} S.D. \mbox{}\protect\newline (n=3) & \cAlignHack Friability (\%)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{1}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.19 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.015 &
  \cAlignHack 7.2 &
  \cAlignHack 5.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.447 &
  \cAlignHack 0.72+0.03\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{2}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.22 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.057 &
  \cAlignHack 7.1 &
  \cAlignHack 5.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.548 &
  \cAlignHack 0.79\ensuremath{\pm}0.02\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{3}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.41 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.072 &
  \cAlignHack 6.9 &
  \cAlignHack 5.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.447 &
  \cAlignHack 0.80\ensuremath{\pm}0.07\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{4}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.32 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.061 &
  \cAlignHack 7.2 &
  \cAlignHack 5.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.548 &
  \cAlignHack 0.69\ensuremath{\pm}0.04\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{5}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.51 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.150 &
  \cAlignHack 7.3 &
  \cAlignHack 5.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.548 &
  \cAlignHack 0.74\ensuremath{\pm}0.05\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{6}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.35 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.106 &
  \cAlignHack 7.4 &
  \cAlignHack 6.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.543 &
  \cAlignHack 0.78\ensuremath{\pm}0.06\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{7}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.21 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.112 &
  \cAlignHack 7.2 &
  \cAlignHack 6.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.501 &
  \cAlignHack 0.71\ensuremath{\pm}0.03\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{8}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.35 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.106 &
  \cAlignHack 7.4 &
  \cAlignHack 6.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.442 &
  \cAlignHack 0.68\ensuremath{\pm}0.06\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{9}} &
  \cAlignHack 3.35 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.106 &
  \cAlignHack 7.5 &
  \cAlignHack 6.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.512 &
  \cAlignHack 0.61\ensuremath{\pm}0.08\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Evaluation of Olmesartan Tablet} }
\label{tw-ee9521c0e656}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.205\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.2298\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.21669999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1651\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.1834\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation Code & \cAlignHack Average weight of Tablet \ensuremath{\pm} S.D. (n=3) & \cAlignHack Mucoadhesive strength (gms) \ensuremath{\pm} S.D. (n=3) & \cAlignHack \%Moisture Absorption & \cAlignHack \% Drug content \ensuremath{\pm} S.D. (n=3)\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{1}} &
  \cAlignHack 149.0 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 &
  \cAlignHack 12.0 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.12 &
  \cAlignHack 22.06 \ensuremath{\pm}1.95 &
  \cAlignHack 96.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.31\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{2}} &
  \cAlignHack 150.9 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.12 &
  \cAlignHack 14.1\ensuremath{\pm}0.18 &
  \cAlignHack 27.73 \ensuremath{\pm}0.42 &
  \cAlignHack 99.4 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.52\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{3}} &
  \cAlignHack 148.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 &
  \cAlignHack 16.0 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 &
  \cAlignHack 31.80 \ensuremath{\pm}0.30 &
  \cAlignHack 98.5 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.31\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{4}} &
  \cAlignHack 151.7 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 &
  \cAlignHack 18.50\ensuremath{\pm}0.24 &
  \cAlignHack 34.80 \ensuremath{\pm}0.56 &
  \cAlignHack 97.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.46\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{5}} &
  \cAlignHack 150.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.08 &
  \cAlignHack 19.1\ensuremath{\pm}0.3 &
  \cAlignHack 37.25 \ensuremath{\pm}1.32 &
  \cAlignHack 97.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.45\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{6}} &
  \cAlignHack 150.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.54 &
  \cAlignHack 19.5\ensuremath{\pm}0.24 &
  \cAlignHack 39.48 \ensuremath{\pm}1.41 &
  \cAlignHack 98.3 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.00\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{7}} &
  \cAlignHack 150.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.51 &
  \cAlignHack 22.30\ensuremath{\pm}0.26 &
  \cAlignHack 35.48 \ensuremath{\pm}1.32 &
  \cAlignHack 98.5 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.64\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{8}} &
  \cAlignHack 148.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.54 &
  \cAlignHack 23.1\ensuremath{\pm}0.42 &
  \cAlignHack 37.48 \ensuremath{\pm}1.76 &
  \cAlignHack 96.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.32\\
\cAlignHack F\ensuremath{_{9}} &
  \cAlignHack 149.8 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.05 &
  \cAlignHack 24.40\ensuremath{\pm}0.55 &
  \cAlignHack 39.54 \ensuremath{\pm}1.41 &
  \cAlignHack 99.4 \ensuremath{\pm}0.89\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In-vitro} Drug Release of Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets} }
\label{tw-dab20db70775}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.1261\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10379999999999997\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10160000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10590000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10909999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.10579999999999998\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.09250000000000002\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0867\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.076\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.0925\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}{\multirow{2}{*}{\cAlignHack Time (Hrs)}} & \multicolumn{9}{p{\dimexpr(.8738999999999999\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack \% Drug Release}\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor} & \cAlignHack F1 & \cAlignHack F2 & \cAlignHack F3 & \cAlignHack F4 & \cAlignHack F5 & \cAlignHack F6 & \cAlignHack F7 & \cAlignHack F8 & \cAlignHack F9\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack 1 &
  \cAlignHack 11.57 &
  \cAlignHack 13.37 &
  \cAlignHack 16.76 &
  \cAlignHack 13.14 &
  \cAlignHack 15.98 &
  \cAlignHack 17.18 &
  \cAlignHack 17.89 &
  \cAlignHack 15.06 &
  \cAlignHack 10.64\\
\cAlignHack 2 &
  \cAlignHack 26.87 &
  \cAlignHack 34.86 &
  \cAlignHack 25.33 &
  \cAlignHack 27.64 &
  \cAlignHack 22.15 &
  \cAlignHack 36.38 &
  \cAlignHack 24.25 &
  \cAlignHack 28.76 &
  \cAlignHack 35.23\\
\cAlignHack 3 &
  \cAlignHack 32.27 &
  \cAlignHack 43.44 &
  \cAlignHack 36.55 &
  \cAlignHack 36.44 &
  \cAlignHack 36.80 &
  \cAlignHack 45.56 &
  \cAlignHack 33.67 &
  \cAlignHack 34.56 &
  \cAlignHack 43.76\\
\cAlignHack 4 &
  \cAlignHack 43.29 &
  \cAlignHack 53.55 &
  \cAlignHack 46.74 &
  \cAlignHack 48.31 &
  \cAlignHack 47.50 &
  \cAlignHack 56.76 &
  \cAlignHack 42.86 &
  \cAlignHack 56.24 &
  \cAlignHack 55.34\\
\cAlignHack 5 &
  \cAlignHack 62.75 &
  \cAlignHack 54.82 &
  \cAlignHack 55.52 &
  \cAlignHack 66.22 &
  \cAlignHack 65.48 &
  \cAlignHack 61.33 &
  \cAlignHack 51.66 &
  \cAlignHack 66.22 &
  \cAlignHack 66.55\\
\cAlignHack 6 &
  \cAlignHack 72.46 &
  \cAlignHack 65.61 &
  \cAlignHack 74.76 &
  \cAlignHack 79.78 &
  \cAlignHack 76.34 &
  \cAlignHack 65.40 &
  \cAlignHack 70.88 &
  \cAlignHack 78.90 &
  \cAlignHack 72.23\\
\cAlignHack 7 &
  \cAlignHack 81.55 &
  \cAlignHack 73.43 &
  \cAlignHack 85.34 &
  \cAlignHack 82.21 &
  \cAlignHack 86.88 &
  \cAlignHack 76.54 &
  \cAlignHack 81.45 &
  \cAlignHack 87.34 &
  \cAlignHack 82.34\\
\cAlignHack 8 &
  \cAlignHack 91.74 &
  \cAlignHack 85.35 &
  \cAlignHack 96.15 &
  \cAlignHack 95.42 &
  \cAlignHack 94.50 &
  \cAlignHack 87.24 &
  \cAlignHack 93.06 &
  \cAlignHack 97.53 &
  \cAlignHack 99.65\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}

\begin{table*}[!htbp]
\caption{\boldmath {Release Order Kinetics of Olmesartan Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets} }
\label{tw-3e166d0d6aea}
\def\arraystretch{1.1}
\ignorespaces 
\centering 
\begin{tabulary}{\linewidth}{p{\dimexpr.15462857142857144\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16162857142857145\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16702857142857145\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.16712857142857143\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.17264285714285716\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}p{\dimexpr.17694285714285716\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}
\tbltoprule \rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\multicolumn{5}{p{\dimexpr(.823057142857143\linewidth-2\tabcolsep)}}{\cAlignHack r\ensuremath{^{2}} values} & \cAlignHack n values\\
\rowcolor{kwdboxcolor}\cAlignHack Formulation & \cAlignHack Zero Order & \cAlignHack First Order & \cAlignHack Higuchi & \cAlignHack Korsmeyer - Peppas & \cAlignHack Korsmeyer- Peppas\\
\tblmidrule 
\cAlignHack F1 &
  \cAlignHack 0.515 &
  \cAlignHack 0.602 &
  \cAlignHack 0.945 &
  \cAlignHack 0.924 &
  \cAlignHack 1.146\\
\cAlignHack F2 &
  \cAlignHack 0.561 &
  \cAlignHack 0.689 &
  \cAlignHack 0.827 &
  \cAlignHack 0.928 &
  \cAlignHack 1.166\\
\cAlignHack F3 &
  \cAlignHack 0.731 &
  \cAlignHack 0.821 &
  \cAlignHack 0.758 &
  \cAlignHack 0.876 &
  \cAlignHack 1.156\\
\cAlignHack F4 &
  \cAlignHack 0.929 &
  \cAlignHack 0.915 &
  \cAlignHack 0.813 &
  \cAlignHack 0.733 &
  \cAlignHack 1.186\\
\cAlignHack F5 &
  \cAlignHack 0.927 &
  \cAlignHack 0.909 &
  \cAlignHack 0.722 &
  \cAlignHack 0.824 &
  \cAlignHack 1.176\\
\cAlignHack F6 &
  \cAlignHack 0.959 &
  \cAlignHack 0.877 &
  \cAlignHack 0.871 &
  \cAlignHack 0.764 &
  \cAlignHack 1.286\\
\cAlignHack F7 &
  \cAlignHack 0.973 &
  \cAlignHack 0.866 &
  \cAlignHack 0.755 &
  \cAlignHack 0.887 &
  \cAlignHack 1.156\\
\cAlignHack F8 &
  \cAlignHack 0.956 &
  \cAlignHack 0.724 &
  \cAlignHack 0.847 &
  \cAlignHack 0.795 &
  \cAlignHack 1.226\\
\cAlignHack F9 &
  \cAlignHack 0.927 &
  \cAlignHack 0.870 &
  \cAlignHack 0.925 &
  \cAlignHack 0.931 &
  \cAlignHack 1.163\\
\tblbottomrule 
\end{tabulary}\par 
\end{table*}
\textbf{Hardness and Friability}

It was determined with the help of the Monsanto hardness test. Friability was determined by first weighing 20 tablets are placed in a Roche Friabilator \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151881}. The friability was calculated using the following equation

\%Friability=100(Wo-Wf)/Wo

Where Wo-Wf is the weights of the tablet before and after a test for friability respectively.

\textbf{Weight Variation }

This test transmits by balancing 20 tablets separately, together with the help of digital balance estimating the average weight, and in respect to each tablet weight to the average weight \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151924}.

\textbf{Content Uniformity}

Five tablets were accurately weighed and powdered. A quantity of the powder equivalent to 3 mg of Olmesartan was weighed accurately and extracted in 100 ml methanol by shaking for 20 min then samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically at 257 nm \unskip~\cite{1207589:23151979}.

\textbf{Moisture Absorption}

The swelling rate of the bioadhesive tablets was evaluated by using a 1\% agar gel plate. The average weight of the tablet was calculated \unskip~\cite{1207589:23152082}. The tablets were placed on gel surface in a Petri dish placed in an incubator at 37\ensuremath{\pm}1\ensuremath{^{O}}C. 

\% Moisture absorption = [(final weight {\textendash} initial weight) / initial weight] x100.

\textit{\textbf{In-vitro}} \textbf{ Dissolution}

The USP type II paddle apparatus in 6.8 PH phosphate buffer (900 ml) at 37\ensuremath{^{0}}C\ensuremath{\pm}0.5\ensuremath{^{0}}C at speed 50\ensuremath{\pm}5 rpm. At specified time intervals, 5 ml samples were collected and immediately replaced with an equal volume of fresh medium \unskip~\cite{1207589:23152094}. 

Samples were suitably diluted and analyzed by using UV spectrophotometer at 257 nm.

\textbf{Bioadhesive Strength}

The height of the lower vial was adjusted so that a tablet could adhere to the mucosal tissue on the upper vial. A constant force was applied on the upper tablet of polymer (D) was vial for 2 minutes after which it was removed and the upper vial was then connected to the balance [Figure~\ref{f-76e1120b943d}]. Then, the weight on the right side pan was slowly added in an increment of 0.5 g till the two vials just separated from each other \unskip~\cite{1207589:23152150}. The total weight (gm) required to detach two vials was taken as a measure of mucoadhesive strength [Figure~\ref{f-497defeede5e}].


\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/73d8cb6b-c378-4d85-8973-4a50aee5fd51-upicture1.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/73d8cb6b-c378-4d85-8973-4a50aee5fd51-upicture1.png}{\includegraphics[width=.57\linewidth]{images/73d8cb6b-c378-4d85-8973-4a50aee5fd51-upicture1.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {Modified Physical Balance}}
\label{f-76e1120b943d}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/3a5fd04e-67d4-494b-ba91-dac3678b8620-upicture2.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/3a5fd04e-67d4-494b-ba91-dac3678b8620-upicture2.png}{\includegraphics{images/3a5fd04e-67d4-494b-ba91-dac3678b8620-upicture2.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In vitro} Assembly for Mucoadhesive Strength}}
\label{f-497defeede5e}
\end{figure}
\egroup

\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/f9d091c3-9725-4f04-8d55-b130023d2398-upicture3.png}
\begin{figure*}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/f9d091c3-9725-4f04-8d55-b130023d2398-upicture3.png}{\includegraphics{images/f9d091c3-9725-4f04-8d55-b130023d2398-upicture3.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {FTIR Spectrum of Drug with Carbopol 934, HPMC K100M \& Xantham Gum}}
\label{f-4376b7f7ab1f}
\end{figure*}
\egroup
\textbf{Kinetic Treatment}

The data acquired from the \textit{in vitro }dissolution tests obtain the kinetic track record analysis \unskip~\cite{1207589:23152196}. 

Zero-order kinetics: \textit{Q \ensuremath{_{t}} = Q \ensuremath{_{o}} + K\ensuremath{_{o}} t}

First-order kinetics: \textit{Q\ensuremath{_{t}} = log Q\ensuremath{_{o\ }} + K\ensuremath{_{1}}t}/2.303

Higuchi model: \textit{Q\ensuremath{_{t}} = K\ensuremath{_{H\ }} \ensuremath{\cdot}t\ensuremath{^{1/2}}}

Korsmeyer-Peppas release model: \textit{Mt / } \textit{M\ensuremath{_{\infty}} = K \ensuremath{\cdot} t \ensuremath{^{n}}}
    
\section{RESULTS AND DISCUSSION}
\textbf{Compatibility Studies}

From drug excipient compatibility trend analysis, we referred to the absence of interactions between pure drug and excipients [Figure~\ref{f-4376b7f7ab1f} \& Table~\ref{tw-540e544a08a6}].

\textbf{Derived Properties of Powder}

The blend of materials became tested as characteristics like angles of repose, bulk densities, tapped density, Compressibility index have it good flow characteristics and flow rates [Table~\ref{tw-24e2a74228d3}].


\bgroup
\fixFloatSize{images/bd1a200f-c325-472f-8662-c6bd705ab75a-upicture4.png}
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering \makeatletter\IfFileExists{images/bd1a200f-c325-472f-8662-c6bd705ab75a-upicture4.png}{\includegraphics[width=.47\linewidth]{images/bd1a200f-c325-472f-8662-c6bd705ab75a-upicture4.png}}{}
\makeatother 
\caption{\boldmath {\textit{In vitro} release studies for different formulations}}
\label{f-74c2ab9ba851}
\end{figure}
\egroup
\textbf{Thickness and Diameter}

The thickness of All the formulations encounter ultimate within the range of 3.19 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.015 mm to 3.51 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.150 mm. diameter of all formulation was found to be 6.9 mm to 7.5 mm.

\textbf{Hardness}

All the formulations encounter ultimate within the range of 5.2 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.44 kg/sq.cm. to 6.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.54 kg/sq.cm.

\textbf{Friability }

All the formulations encounter ultimate within the range of 0.69 \% to 0.80 \% [Table~\ref{tw-b72f212687d4}]. 

\textbf{Average Weight}

All the formulations encounter ultimate within the range of 148.6 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.54 \% to 151.7 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 \%.

\textbf{Mucoadhesive Strength }

All the formulations encounter ultimate within the range 12.0 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.16 gm to 24 .50 \ensuremath{\pm} 0.26 gm.

\textbf{Moisture Absorption}

All formulation follow the variety of 22.06 \ensuremath{\pm}1.95 \% to 39.54 \ensuremath{\pm}1.41\%.

\textbf{Drug Content}

All formulation follow the variety of 96.1 \ensuremath{\pm} 1.31 \% to 99.4 \ensuremath{\pm}0.89 \% [Table~\ref{tw-ee9521c0e656}].

\textit{\textbf{In vitro}} \textbf{ Drug Release Studies}

Among all the formulations F\ensuremath{_{9}} showed the drug release of 99.65\% [Table~\ref{tw-dab20db70775},Figure~\ref{f-74c2ab9ba851}].

\textbf{Drug Release Studies}

According to the very best regression integrity (r) the best fit role model for F1 to F8 used to be zero-order and for F9 it was Higuchi matrix [Table~\ref{tw-3e166d0d6aea}].
    
\section{CONCLUSION}
Based on the results of pre compression \& post compression evaluation tests it can be concluded that formulation F9 was the best formulation for the buccal drug delivery system. Hence, the mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Olmesartan might be prepared as well as better bioavailability plus extended therapeutic effect well management. From the result and conclusion of the research work, it can be concluded that Olmesartan can be delivered via buccal route for better bioavailability and enhanced patient compliance.
    
\section{Acknowledgement}
The authors are thankful to the Management of Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Facing Main Road, Sheriguda, Ibrahimpatnam, Ranga Reddy-501 510, Telangana, India. For providing necessary facilities to carry out this work. 

\textbf{Conflict of Interest}

The authors testify that they got no conflict of interest in that study.

\textbf{Funding Support}

The authors testify that they have already no funding support given that study.
    

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